Question

ny, nd ofModule by Pm.EST 1. write a short research paper on the components and functions on the Internet of Everything 2. describe the concepts of a 'smart city example of how the internet of everything 3 provide an or a smart city has benefited a community Note: Need to modify LMS to accept 2 files Writing Requirements The Essay must be 4-5 pages long. . Must have an introduction with a clear thesis statement, a Conduct research to find relevant information using reliable sources to support your views. body discussing the three main points and a conclusion (Use at least 2 academic books and 3 scholarly articles from a library database) Use APA Stvle for in-text citations, and references Turn in the Paper to SMARTHINKING.com before submitting your final paper. Turn in a final paper and the paper with the SMARTHINKING.com tutor comments. APA format (title page, abstract, reference page). Use the Databases and APA template located in the Student Resource Center to complete the assignment. Grading Criteria:

Answer 1

  RESEARCH ON THE INTERNET OF EVERYTHING

ABSTRACT

The Internet of Everything (IoE) is a concept that aims to look at the bigger picture in which the Internet of Things fits. It is a new innovative technology in the context of the Internet of Everything (IoE). Yet, when you look deeper at IoE, you’ll notice it really is also about the vision of a distributed network. The main goal of this research is to investigate the component and function on the Internet of everything.

INTRODUCTION

The concept of the Internet of Everything originated at Cisco, who defines IoE as "the intelligent connection of people, process, data, and things." The more expansive IoE concept includes, besides M2M communications, Machine-to-people (M2P) and technology-assisted people-to-people (P2P) interactions. It is a philosophy in which technology's future is comprised of many different types of appliances, devices, and items connected to the global internet. IoE is based on the idea that in the future, internet connections will not be limited to laptop or desktop computers and a handful of tablets, as in previous decades. Instead, machines will generally become smarter by having more access to data and expanded networking opportunities.

According to the statement of Cisco, The Internet of Everything (IoE) “is bringing together people, process, data, and things to make networked connections more relevant and valuable than ever before-turning information into actions that create new capabilities, richer experiences, and unprecedented economic opportunity for businesses, individuals, and countries.”.

IoE is the intelligent connection of people, process, data, and things. It describes a world where billions of objects have sensors to detect measure and assess their status.

COMPONENTS OF INTERNET OF EVERYTHING

IoE applications range from digital sensor tools/interfaces used for remote appliances to smarter and more well-connected mobile devices, industrial machine learning systems and other types of distributed hardware that have recently become more intelligent and automated.

Important four pillars of The Internet of Everything (IoE):-

People: Connecting people in more relevant, valuable ways.

Data: Converting data into intelligence to make better decisions.

Process: Delivering the right information to the right person (or machine) at the right time.

Things: Physical devices and objects connected to the Internet and each other for intelligent decision making; often called the Internet of Things (IoT).

The Internet of Everything (IoE) with four pillars: people, process, data, and things builds on top of The Internet of Things (IoT) with one pillar: things. In addition, IoE further advances the power of the Internet to improve business and industry outcomes, and ultimately make people’s lives better by adding to the progress of IoT.

People are “considered as end-nodes connected across the internet,” including things like social networks and health and fitness sensors. Things, on the other hand, are items such as smart coffee pots that have physical sensors, devices actuators, or other items to generate data and receive information from other sources.

Data is quite self-explanatory; it’s the raw data that is analyzed and processed into information. This information is then used to help empower intelligent decisions and control systems. Processes, then, are “leveraging connectivity among data, things, and people to add value,” such as using “smart fitness devices and social networks to advertise relevant healthcare offerings to prospective customers.”

Process: IoE works to provide an end-to-end ecosystem of connectivity that consists of “technologies, processes, and concepts employed across all connectivity use-cases.”

Thing: Things, on the other hand, are items such as smart coffee pots that have physical sensors, devices actuators, or other items to generate data and receive information from other sources.

FUNCTION OF INTERNET OF EVERYTHING

IoE features fall under two main categories:

• Input: Allows analog or external data to be put into a piece of hardware

• Output: Allows a piece of hardware to be put back into the internet

There are some function that will be performed by IOE

Fog computing, a form of edge computing and also propagated by Cisco shifts analysis of IoT data to the point of origination, thus speeding up things and freeing up bandwidth and other resources in non-distributed analytics (at the edge, in the network and in some form of cloud integration).

Cybersecurity is moving away from the traditional centralized view to a decentralized approach whereby security happens as close as possible to the endpoint. This is not just about IoT security but about cybersecurity overall as the security perimeter is ubiquitous: protection (security and privacy by design, the latter one of the principles of the GDPR)happens everywhere with the endpoint being key (the mobile user, for example). It explains the success of cloud-based security.

Decentralization In Business The decentralized way of working, for instance, whereby we work less in a central office and more on the go. Organizations are also increasingly outsourcing activities, IT and business processes to partners so they can focus on their core activities, which means again a form of decentralization.

The Internet of Everything clearly puts the emphasis on the outcomes, the many possible changes in business models, leveraging this large interconnected space. The Internet of Everything view also requires a high degree of standardization and interoperability. It shouldn’t come as a surprise that Cisco is very active in standardization bodies and efforts.

The Internet of Everything clearly puts the emphasis on the outcomes, the many possible changes in business models, leveraging this large interconnected space. The Internet of Everything view also requires a high degree of standardization and interoperability.

CONCEPTS OF SMART CITY

A smart city is an ultra-modern urban area that addresses the needs of businesses, institutions, and especially citizens. Here we should differentiate between a smart city and smart urbanism. The objective of these concepts is the same—the life of citizens. The architects of ancient cities did not take into consideration long-term scalability—housing accessibility, sustainable development, transport systems, and growth—and there is no scalable resource management that may be applied from one decade to another. Unfortunately, smart urbanism is not well represented in smart cities' development. Smart urbanism must also be considered as an aspect of a smart city, including information-communication technologies. In recent years, a significant increase in global energy consumption and the number of connected devices and other objects has led government and industrial institutions to deploy the smart city concept. Cities' demographic, economic, social, and environmental conditions are the major reasons for the dramatic increase in pollution, congestion, noise, crime, terrorist attacks, energy production, traffic accidents, and climate change. Cities today are the major contributors to the climate problem.

EXAMPLE OF BENEFITS OF INTERNET OF EVERYTHING OR SMART CITY

Smart city projects are big investments that are supposed to drive social transformation. A key feature of smart cities is that they create efficiency. Well-designed technology tools can benefit government agencies, the environment, and the residents. Smart cities can improve the efficiency of city services by eliminating redundancies, finding ways to save money and streamlining workers’ responsibilities. The results can provide higher-quality services at a lower cost. The city benefits by reducing the cost of administering its fare payment system, including avoiding issuing and distributing special smartcards for use at fareboxes. Transit users benefit from the efficiency through convenience, quick service and capped fares that calculate the best value for their contactless travel in a day or across a seven-day period.

Environment Effect: Another way to save money involves real-time monitoring of energy use, which can also identify opportunities for environmental improvement. The city of Chicago has begun implementing an “Array of Things” initiative by installing boxes on municipal light poles with sensors and cameras that can capture air quality, sound levels, temperature, water levels on streets and gutters, and traffic. The data collected are expected to serve as a sort of “fitness tracker for the city,” by identifying ways to save energy, to address urban flooding and improve living conditions.

Security Effect: At the forefront of every city’s concerns is ensuring the safety of the citizens that inhabit the city. Smart cities are an added ability to monitor its citizens using Closed Circuit Television Cameras, or CCTV cameras. Also, include the addition of hotlines and panic buttons around the city that would allow law enforcement to respond more quickly to emergency scenarios.

Water: Smart cities are ‘Smart Water’. A smart water system would include are smart water grids, or SWGs, that ensure the security of water quantity and the safety of consumption. SWGs allow professionals in the waste and water industry to more accurately monitor the quantity of water being transported to ensure that it is not over-allocated for what its eventual usage will be, while also testing the quality of the water to make sure it is safe to consume when it reaches its destination.

Traffic: A major benefit in many smart cities is the ability to monitor certain traffic patterns and common congestion points through sensors located inside of cars. The data gathered can be as simple as an area where drivers are commonly required to quickly brake while driving, signaling either large volumes of traffic, dangerous areas, or intersections that may need to be reshaped for the public good. Intersections that are accident-prone can be heavily monitored and adjusted to ease the flow of traffic. The conditions could be as trivial as a driver not being able to see well around a corner, leaving them to make a split-second decision that could result in a collision.