Question

Explain the reactivities in term of structures (1o, 2o, 3o, and cyclic).

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Table 1: Sodium lodide in Acetone Compound PPT? 2-chlorobutane No precipitate 2-bromobutane Cloudy 1-chlorobutane No precipitate 1-bromobutane Precipitate 2-chloro-2-methylpropane No precipitate bromobenzene No precipitate Table 2: Silver Nitrate in Ethanol Compound PPT? 2-chlorobutane Precipitate 2-bromobutane Precipitate 1-chlorobutane Precipitate 1-bromobutane Precipitate 2-chloro-2-methylpropane Precipitate bromobenzene No precipitate

Answer 1

Taье -1 a Natgo no precibitate despite the ethez - CH₂ - CH - CH3 - no retat it is a branched halide. Hence; it would try to undergo Sul. But acetone does not favour Snl as carbocation would be destabilized by dipolar refulsion. Thus no precipitate Br Natgo As Bro is an excellent thing - Utq - CH -utz - leaving group, the reaction solvent mot favouring eta Ulq Chall Natge no precipitate u is a poor leaving group; thus althom it is i- halide, go is also a poor proceeds red

group Bro assists SN2. CHA CH, CH₂ CH BY Thus, precipitate NATO good leaving occurs. Choo itg - is a 3°-chloride. Hence, it would undergo sul due to s ame as discussed above its it - not reason Natgo, Aromatic molecule shall not substitution to easily due to undergo aromatic nucleophilic Stability Table-2 Here; ethanol facilitates Sul. Hence, 2-chlorobutane, 2-bromobutane, 2-chloro-2-methye propane all undergo SNI rapidly giving precipitates. For I-chlorobutane, the strong muuleophile NO helps in facilitates the reaction. Bromobenzene, as discussed above, shall not undergo reaction due to aromatic stability . Furthermore, in all cases, silver halides are formed. Thus the This is also a driving force as Ag.X are covalent compounds.