Question

Part 1 discussion point: Why bonds?, bond issuance (bond offering) versus stock issuance from a corporate...

Part 1 discussion point:

Why bonds?, bond issuance (bond offering) versus stock issuance from a corporate perspective in terms of capital need. In other words, what are some of pros and cons of this two pathways of corporate financing options? One, through "Debt Financing" as opposed "Equity Financing"? Please also think about the related concept of "Financial Leverage". Please discuss ups/downs (pros and cons) between the two capital raising/structure.

Part 2 discussion point:

Now everything said and done with bonds, what is then difference between bonds and loans (bonds vs. loans as long-term debt)? Please discuss as many difference as you think of, from a corporation perspective as well as from an investor/lender perspective.

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Answer #1

part1.

Bonds are debts while stocks are stakes of ownership in a company. the cost of debt is less than cos of equity. because debt fund will get a fixed rate of return while equity shareholders get dividend only when there is enough amount of profit. in capital structure we are not using equity or debt alone, instead company uses mix of both equity and capital. Financial leverage is the use of debt to buy additional asset. Normally company uses debt or bond instead of equity because of the following two reason.

1. The interest amount of bond can be deducted while calculating profit. it will reduce the amount of taxable profit.

2. The company has to pay only fixed rate of interest even if the company got very high profit.

Part2

The main difference between a bond and loan is that a bond is highly tradeable while the loan is usually fixed in original bank. we can sell and bought bond through bond market. so bond is more flexible as compare to loan. the rate of interest of bond is less as compare to loan. bond can be sold on bond market to public or financial institutions. but most loans are given by banks.

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