Question

1. The dense layer that covers the compact bone surface is called periosteum. Answer: a) True b) False 2. What type of bone is the scapula? Answer: a) Flat b) Long c) Short d) Irregular 3. The fibrous band connecting bone and bone is called tendon. Answer: a) True b) False 4. Which if the following statement about bone marrow is false? Answer: a) Marrow conversion from red to yellow begins at the center of the long bone b) In adults, yellow marrow is replaced with red marrow under particular conditions to produce blood cells such as severe blood loss after an injury c) Yellow marrow is involved in the blood cell production (hematopoiesis) d) Marrow cavities are filled with yellow marrow in adults

Answer 1

ANS. 1. True, Periosteum is the dense layer that covers the compact bone surface.

ANS. 2. Scapula is a flat bone.

ANS. 3. The fibrous band connecting bone and bone is ligament. hence, false because tendon connects muscle to bone.

ANS. 5. Osteoclasts are the cells responsible for bone resorption.

ANS. 6. Osteoarthritis is a progressive degenerative non-inflammatory disorder characterized by the loss of cartilage.

ANS. 7. Spiral fractures are best described as the fracture that twists around the bone shaft.

ANS. 8. Herniated intervertebral disk most commonly affects the thoracic region is false because it most commonly affects the cervical region.

ANS. 9. Sedentary lifestyle is a modifiable risk factor of osteoporosis ​.

ANS. 10. RA is inflammatory disorder while osteoarthritis is generative. the risk factors of RA is autoimmune whereas OA is caused by age, obesity, injury or occupation. the peak incidence of RA is between 30 and 50 years of age and the typical onset of OA is usually after 40 years. but there are some cases where at the age of 20 and 30 OA can occur.

the disease pattern of RA is bilateral and under some situations it is unilateral. therefor, option d) "the disease pattern of RA is usually unilateral, whereas OA is usually bilateral, symmetric" by the patient indicates a need for further teaching. .