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XYZ Corporation, a Chapter C corporation, had a correct tax amount of $1,000,000 but reported only...

XYZ Corporation, a Chapter C corporation, had a correct tax amount of $1,000,000 but reported only $800,000. There is no claim of fraud. Is this a substantial understatement that will subject XYZ to the 20% understatement penalty?

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Understatement is a situation where the amount of tax which is correct is different from the amount actually reported in the Tax Return. An understatement may involve penalty if the amount involved is substantial.

Substantial Understatement, in case of Corporations, is considered when the amount of understatement is greater than 10% of the correct amount of tax or $10,000.

The penalty involved shall be 20% of the amount not reported i.e. understated.

However, penalty on understatement is applicable only in cases where the reporting is done on account of negligence or failure to keep adequate records. If proper explanation for the understatement is provided, no penalty shall be levied.

In the given case, XYZ Corporation is a Chapter C Corporation. The actual amount of Tax which should have been reported was $1,000,000 where as it only reported $800,000. So, there is an understatement of $200,000.

Based on the clause mentioned above, since the amount of understatement is more than 10% of the actual amount of tax to be reported ($200,000 > 1,000,000*10% = $100,000), penalty of 20% shall be applicable if such amount was intentionally understated. However, if they prove the reasons for the understatement, the penalty will be waived off.

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