Seat-belt use study. The American Journal of Public Health (July 1995) reported on a population-based study of trauma in Hispanic children. One of the objectives of the study was to compare the use of protective devices in motor vehicles that transported Hispanic children and non-Hispanic white children. On the basis of data collected from the San Diego County Regionalized Trauma System, 792 children treated for injuries sustained in vehicular accidents were classified according to ethnic status (Hispanic or non-Hispanic white) and seat-belt usage (worn or not worn) during the accident. The data are summarized in the following table:
TRAUMA
Hispanic | Non-Hispanic White | Totals | |
Seat belts worn | 31 | 148 | 179 |
Seat belts not worn | 283 | 330 | 613 |
Totals | 314 | 478 | 792 |
Source: Matteneci, R. M., et al. “Trauma among Hispanic children: A population-based study in a regionalized system of trauma care,” American Journal of Public Health, Vol. 85, No. 7, July 1995, p. 1007 (Table 2).
a. Calculate the sample proportion of injured Hispanic children who were not wearing seat belts during the accident.
b. Calculate the sample proportion of injured non-Hispanic white children who were not wearing seatbelts during the accident.
c. Compare the sample proportions from parts a and b. Do you think the true population proportions differ?
d. Conduct a test to determine whether seat-belt usage in motor vehicle accidents depends on ethnic status in the San Diego County Regionalized Trauma System. Use α = .01.
e. Construct a 99% confidence interval for the difference between the proportions you found in parts a and b. Interpret the interval.
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