Calcium oxalate is a major component of kidney stones. Predict whether the formation of kidney stones can be minimized by increasing or decreasing the pH of the fluid present in the kidney. The pH of normal kidney fluid is about 8.2. [The first and second acid ionization constants of oxalic acid (H2C2O4) are 6.5 × 10−2 and 6.1 × 10−5 respectively. The solubility product of calcium oxalate is 3.0 × 10−9.]
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