Problems are listed in approximate order of difficulty. A single dot (•) indicates straightforward problems involving just one main concept and sometimes requiring no more than substitution of numbers in the appropriate formula. Two dots (••) identify problems that are slightly more challenging and usually involve more than one concept. Three dots (•••) indicate problems that are distinctly more challenging, either because they are intrinsically difficult or involve lengthy calculations. Needless to say, these distinctions are hard to draw and are only approximate.
• A student is told to analyze a crystal using Bragg diffraction. She finds that the ancient equipment has seized up and cannot turn to glancing angles below θ = 30°. She bravely persists and, using X-rays with λ = 0.0438 nm, finds three weak maxima at θ = 36.7°, 52.8°, and 84.5°. What are the orders of these maxima, and what is the spacing of the crystal planes?
section 4.5 (X-ray Spectra)
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