Prototyping
A switch is a mechanical device that allows the user to convert its two electrical terminals from an open circuit (no connection) to a short circuit (perfect connection) by moving a lever or sliding arm. A switch pole refers to a set of contacts that can be closed or opened by the mechanical action of the switch. A single-pole, double-throw (SPDT) switch has three terminals: a center terminal that functions as the common connection point, and two outer terminals that are alternately connected to the center terminal as the position of the switch lever is changed. When one of the outer terminals is connected to the center terminal, the remaining outer terminal is disconnected from the center terminal.
a. Imagine that you must wire the light in the stairway of a two-story house. Ideally, the occupants should be able to turn the light on or off using one of two switches. One switch is located at the top of the stairs, and the other is located at the bottom. Toggling either switch lever should make the light change state. Draw the diagram of a circuit that illustrates the stairway lighting system.
b. Now imagine a three- story house in which the lights in the stairwell are to be turned on or off by moving the lever of any one of three switches (one located on each floor). Design an appropriate switching network using two single-pole switches and one double-pole switch. (A DPDT switch has six terminals and can be thought of as two SPDT switches in tandem, with both levers engaged simultaneously.)
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