A children’s water sprinkler toy is designed as a conical clown’s hat, which is levitated by a water jet. Water is shot upward from the base station, striking the hat in the middle and then spraying out downward at an angle onto the children playing below. The diameter at the spray nozzle on the ground is 1 in. and the initial vertical velocity of the water is 20 ft/s. The clown hat is designed to be supported at a steady distance of 5 ft above the nozzle, and the internal cone angle of the hat is 60°. It can be assumed that the speed of the water entering the hat is the same as the speed of the water leaving the hat. Calculate the maximum weight of a hat that can be supported under these design conditions. Also, for safety concerns, calculate the force children would feel if they put their hands directly over the water jet nozzle.
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