Control-of-life perception study. The locus of control (LOC) is a measure of one’s perception of control over factors affecting one’s life. In one study, the LOC was measured for two groups of individuals undergoing weight reduction for treatment of obesity. (Journal of Psychology, Mar. 1991.) The LOC mean and standard deviation for a sample of 46 adults were 6.45 and 2.89, respectively, while the LOC mean and standard deviation for a sample of 19 adolescents were 10.89 and 2.48, respectively. A lower score on the LOC scale indicates a perception that internal factors are in control, while a higher score indicates a perception that external factors are in control.
a. Calculate the one- and two-standard-deviation intervals around the means for each group. Plot these intervals on a line graph, using different colors or symbols to represent each group.
b. Assuming that the distributions of LOC scores are approximately mound shaped, estimate the numbers of individuals within each interval.
c. On the basis of your answers to parts a and b, do you think an inference can be made that all adults and adolescents undergoing weight-reduction treatment differ with respect to LOC? What factors did you consider in making this inference? (We’ll consider this exercise again in Chapter 9 to show how to measure the reliability of this inference.)
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