Question

Use Ati Active learning Template system disorder to demonstrate diabetes mellitus

Answer 1

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia due to inadequate insulin secretion and/or the effectiveness of endogenous insulin (insulin resistance).

● Diabetes mellitus is a contributing factor to development of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, kidney disease, neuropathy, retinopathy, peripheral vascular disease, and stroke as individuals age.

● Diabetes mellitus is significantly more prevalent in African Americans, American Indians, and Hispanic populations, possibly due to obesity and inactivity.

Diagnosis) DM type 1 Pathophysiology Related to Client Problem Type 1 inadequate production of insulin Type 2 inability of cells to respond to insulin Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Exercise, diet, omege-3 fatty acids, intake ASSESSMENT Risk Factors metabolic syndrome prediabetes obesity <45 yrs HTN smoking pancreatitis Laboratory Tests blood glucose >200 mg/dL fasting bg >126 mg/dL 2 hr glucose >200 mg/dL HgbA1c >6.5% SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS Expected Findings hyperglycemia polyuria polydipsia polyphagia weight loss Diagnostic Procedures self monitored blood glucose PATIENT-CENTERED CARE Complications Nursing Care Medications Client Education blood glucose level I&O, weight skin integrity SMBG skill teaching visual alterations Insulin (action) -rapid -short -intermediate -long Biguanides Sulfonylureas Meglitinides Thiazolidinedlones Alpha-glucose inhibitors SMBG insulin admin diet/excercise plan foot care/eye exam Therapeutic Procedures Exercise Diet ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATES hypoglycemia hyperglycemia illness Interprofessional Care podiatrist nutritionist endocrinologist ophalmologist -cardiovascular disease -cerebrovascular disease -diabetic neuropathy -diabetic retinopathy -diabetic nephropathy -DKA Therapeutic Procedure 

health promotion and disease management

Determine risk factors - obesity, hypertension, inactivity, hyperlipidemia, cigarette smoking, genetic history, elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), ethnic group, and women who have delivered infants weighing more than 9 lb

◯ American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends screening a client who has a BMI greater than 24 and age greater than 45 years, or if a child is overweight and has additional risk factors.

◯ Test urine for glucose and ketones during routine examinations to evaluate the need for further testing.

Teach the client that exercise and good nutrition are necessary for preventing or controlling diabetes.

◯ Instruct the client to limit calories and decrease total fat intake to 30% of total daily calories.

◯ Encourage a diet low in saturated fats to decrease low-density lipoprotein (LDL), assist with weight loss for secondary prevention of diabetes, and reduce risk of heart disease.

◯ Modify diet to include omega-3 fatty acids and fiber to lower cholesterol levels, improve blood glucose for clients who have diabetes, for secondary prevention of diabetes, and to reduce the risk of heart disease.