Question

Know the basics about Descriptive research studies & Descriptive stats – Direct and indirect measures EBP - Cochrane Studies and Cochrane collaboration. Also how are EBP and nursing research related? Ethnography-know definition and how to identify ethnographic study Experimental Design - what is necessary for experimental research design studies. What is Generalization Grounded Theory Hypothesis - define null and directional (also what is the purpose of a well formulated hypothesis) o lariteria

Answer 1

1. Descriptive study describes the sample on the baia of any one characteristics. Description statistic include :-

Mean ,mode ,median

2. Evidence-Based practice

"the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients

Cochrane Collaboration

-international non-profit organization

-cochrane reviews

Systematic review

-rigorous scientific approach that combines results from a group of original research studies and looks at the studies as a whole

Cochrane library

-medium used to publish the work of the collaboration

-Six databases containing evidence to promote decision making in health care

-Seventh database provides information about groups in the Cochrane Collaboration.

Cochrane Centers

-located throughout the world

-each is unique

-responsible for helping coordinate and support the collaboration

3. Ethnography - is the study of the cultural patterns and perspective of participants in their natural setting

Purpose of Ethnography

Holistic form of study: focuses on daily/routine life, researcher immersed in field setting for an extended period of time, participant observatino, in-depth and unstructured data collection, findings presented from participants point of view.

Types of Ethnography: Realist

Focus: Examines relationship between structure and agency

Key Feature: Describes/explains events by identifying structural factors on social actions

Types of Ethnography: Critical

Focus: Challenge status quo by researching the struggles of the weak and powerless

Key features: Reflects upon researcher purpose, intentions, and frames of analysis

Types of Ethnography: Post-Structural Ethnography

Focus: Broad questions related to knowing and being

Key features: Joins theory and researcher practice to allow for multiple voices

Types of Ethnography: Auto-ethnography

Focus: Draws on experiences, stories, self-narratives to examine social context

Key features: Draws upon researchers own experiences

Types of Ethnography: Duo-ethnography

Focus: Seeks to explore the autobiographical and cultural influences which have shaped beliefs and decisions

Key features: Uses researchers own experiences in conversation with another

Types of Ethnography: Ethnodrama/Performance

Focus: Use of dramatic art form to research and represent something that is an exploration of the human condition

Key features: Collecting data through interviews/observation, and writing/performing a drama to represent the data in challenging ways

Types of Ethnography: Virtual

Focus: Exploration of online actions and online spaces in order to understand what people do on the internet

Key features: Boundaries are not taken for granted, intermittent engagement as opposed to long term immersion

Types of Ethnography: Cognitive

Focus: Combines online and offline ethnographic approaches

Key features: Examines the cognitive processes occurring online that are influenced by offline activities.

4. Generalisation - is the procedure of generalizing the findings of the study to the population .