Question

Patients safety ( 200 words essay unique) .

Answer 1

Ans) Patient safety is the prevention of errors and adverse effects to patients associated with health care.

Patient assessment to perform when considering possible threats to the patient safety:

• Nursing history
• Pt. harm environment
• risk for falls
• risk for medical errors (medication)

Common errors:

-Medications
-Surgery (wrong site)
-Diagnostic Inaccuracy (wrong treatment)
-Equipment failure (IV pump)
-Transfusion error (blood type, wrong pt.)
-Laboratory (incorrect label)
-System Failure (no double check)
-Environment (clean up spills)

International Patient Safety Goals and implementation strategies:

1) Identify the patient correctly:

- Establish two universal patient identifiers:

• Patient full name
• IPID number

2) Improve effective communication:

- Implementation of policy on:

• Verbal orders/ Telephonic order/ Critical test result
• Correct communication during patient handover/ takeover ( ISBARR)- Identify, Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation, Repeat back/ Record.

3) Improve the safety of High Alert Medication:

• High Risk Medication: Insulin, Corticosteroids etc
• List of LASA drugs: Look Alike drug: Tab Avil 25mg ( allergic condition) & Tab Lasix 40mg( fluid retention), Sound Alike drug: Fortum(Bacterial Infection) & Fortwin(Narcotics)
• Medication policy: Follow strict 10 rights of Medication administration ( Right patient, Right drug, Right dose, Right route, Right time, Right assessment, Right Education, Right Evaluation, Right to refuse, Right Documentation)

4) Ensure Correct Site, Correct Procedure, Correct Patient Surgery:

• Site marking
• Pre-operative checklist
• WHO surgical safety checklist

5) Reduce the risk of Healthcare associated Infections:

• Implementation of hand hygiene programme: 7 steps of hand washing & 5 moments of hand hygiene.
• Implementation and monitoring of infection control care bundles: CAUTI, CLABSI, VAP, CRBSI.
• Biomedical Waste Management Practices
• Personal protective equipments
• Isolation protocols

6) Reduce the risk of patient harm resulting from falls:

• Fall risk assessment ( MORSE Scale for Adults, SCHMIDT Scale for Pediatrics)
• Interventions to prevent patient falls
• Fall risk tags
• Safety Boards
• Fall prevention posters

Other prevention strategies:

FIRE NURSING ACTIONS

- Remove pt from danger
- Call code red
- Take measures to contain or extinguish fire(closing doors, turn off oxygen, use fire extinguisher)
- If fire drill, shut the patient's door.

Restraint nursing actions:

- Use of restraints must be clinically justified
- Physicians order is required based on face to face assessment
- Orders must be reviewed every 24 hours or more freq
restraints must be removed periodically(feeding, toileting, skin assessment)
- Nurse must determine if restraint are still needed
check with patient every hour
- If restraints necessary the nurse should explain the purpose, the care while restrained, precatutions that will be taken, & restraints are temporary & protective.