Question

A client is brought to the emergency department semicomatose and a blood glucose reading of 673. He is diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Blood gas results are as follows: serum pH 7.29 and HCO₃^– level 19 mEq/dL; PCO₂ level 32 mm Hg. The nurse should anticipate that which of the following orders may correct this diabetic ketosis?

A) Administration of potassium chloride

B) Initiating an insulin IV infusion along with fluid replacement

C) Administering supplemental oxygen and rebreathing from a paper bag

D) Instituting a cough and deep breathing schedule for every hour while awake to improve ventilation

46. . Which of the following is the major measurable cation used in the clinical calculation of the anion gap?

A) sodium

B) chloride

C) bicarbonate

D) phosphate

47. The role of buffer systems is to do which of the following?

A) trade weaker acids and bases for stronger ones

B) trade stronger acids and bases for weaker ones

C) trade acids for bases

D) trade bases for acids

48. Which organ is the primary regulator of the balance between acids and bases?

A) lung

B) kidney

C) heart

D) pancreas

49. Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of metabolic acidosis?

A) nausea

B) diarrhea

C) hyperactivity

D) increased heart rate

50. Which condition results from a deficit of HCO₃^–?

A) metabolic acidosis

B) respiratory acidosis

C) metabolic alkalosis

D) respiratory alkalosis

51. What is the major role of oxygen?

A) maintains acid-base balance in the body

B) necessary for cellular metabolism

C) triggers chemoreceptors in the body

D) all of these

Answer 1

45. Option B is correct as there is instant need to Initiate the insulin IV infusion along with the fluid replacement

46. option A is correct as the most measurable cation is sodium along with the potassium and the calcium

47. Option B is correct for trding the strong base for a weak one

48. Option B is correct its kidney acts as the strong regulator of the acid-base balence

49. option D is correct as the key manifestation is incresed heart rate

50. Option C is correct as its the case of the metabolic alkalosis

51.Option D is correct as all the above stated roles are regulated by the oxygen in the body