Question

Analyze the process of sterilization and describe the four methods of monitoring that are required for all loads containing an implantable.

Answer 1

In hospitals medical instruments and surgical devices used are made up of materials that maintains stability towards heat. Sterilization involves in killing all pathogenic organisms that is available on the surface. Complete sterilization is done in order to prevent disease transmission.

The process of sterilization involves in selecting the selection of methods,agent.

- Steam sterilization destroys microorganisms and the process is fastened by the addition of moisture. High pressure is needed to kill protein system of the organisms.

- Ethylene oxide (ETO) used to sterilize the medical devices that are sensitive to heat and moisture. EO is chemical substance that kills microorganisms along with the spores by distruping protein metabolism.

- Formaldehyde gas kills pathogens by protein cell coagulation. Used in condition where steam under pressure damage the devices.

- Hydrogen peroxide plasma free radicals interacts with cell membranes, enzymes or nucleic acids of the pathogens.

Sterilization process can be monitored using chemical,biological and mechanical indicators. Chemical indicator is placed inside every package to verify the penetration of sterilizing agent into the instruments. Chemical indicators helps to differentiate the processed and unprocessed items.

Mechanical indicators includes monitoring of pressure, exposure time,displays.

Biological indicators includes spore strips / indicator tape placed inside the packs. It helps to identify level of microbial activation.