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Discuss factors related to decreased mobility in the musculoskeletal system. Relate one of the theories of...

Discuss factors related to decreased mobility in the musculoskeletal system. Relate one of the theories of aging to decreased mobility.

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Previously it was thought that changes to muscles, bones and joints as age advances are unavoidable.howewver reseachers now suggest that many factors assosiated with ageing are due to inactivity, and performing physical activity can help reduce the risk of disability and chronic disease.

MOBILITY means a persons ability to move about freely.

factors affecting decreased mobility are

1. GROWTH and DEVELOPMENT

A persons age, musculoskeletal ,nervous systom developments affect podsture, body masss and body movements

as age advances muscle ton and bone density decreases ,joint loss flexibility ,bone mass decreases, particularly in women who have osteoporosis. all these changes affect older adults posture,gait , and balance.

2. PHYSICAL HEALTH

. acute or chronic disease.

. congenital or acquired abnormality in musculoskeletal system.

. nervous system problem like stroke.

. cardiovascular system problem like orthoststic hypotension

3. NUTRITION

both under and over nutrition affect mobility. poorly nourished people have muscle weakness and fatigue, over nutrition leads to obesity, which can stress joints  and affect mobility .

vitamin D deficiency during growth affect bone causing deformity

low calcium intake leads to increased chance of osteoporosis

4. PERSONAL VALUES and ATTITUDES

families incorporate regular excercise in their daily routine , or spend time together in activities, children learn the value of physical activity,

people who values muscular build may participiate in regular excercise programes.

5. EXTERNAL FACTORS

High or low temperature.

high humidity

unsafe enviornment

availability of recreational facilities

6. PRESCRIBED LIMITATIONS

Limitation of movments medicaly advised for some health problems like patient sustained fracture and on plaster of paris

person having shortness of breath may be advised not to walk up stairs

common musculoskeletal problems in old age are   

osteoarthritis ( cartilage within joint breaks and cause pain and stiffness)

osteomalacia (bones became soft due to problem in metabolism of vit D)

osteoporosis (bones loss mass and became brittle)

rheumatoid arthritis ( inflamation of joints)

one of theorie of ageing ,related to decreased mobility is WEAR AND TEAR THEORY

this theory was first introduced by Dr. August Weismann,a german biologist in 1882.

cells and tissues have vital parts that wear out resulting in ageing, parts of body eventually wear out from repeated use,killing them and then body.

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