Question

• Describe the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, evaluation, and treatment of tuberculosis or pneumonia.

Answer 1

Pneumonia

Pathophysiology :- in pneumonia virulent bacteria evaded our immune system and reach till alveoli. Here they overwhelme macrophages and secret fibrin rich exudate that fills and infect the alveolar space and also activate neutrophils for inflammation cause fibrosis in the alveolar sac and space.

Clinical manifestation :-

Chest pain

Cough

Fatigue

Fever

Chills

Difficulty in breathing

Evaluation :- history and physical examination

Chest x-ray

Gram stain and culture sensitivity test for sputum

Immunology and blood culture

Treatment -

Antibiotic treatment :- for mild case opd basis oral doxycycline and amoxicillin

In sever case ipd basis moxiflaxacin and IV benzyl penicillin