Question

1. Pick an endocrine disorder.

2. Discuss the following:

a. Pathophysiology

b. Signs & Symptoms

c. Diagnostics needed for confirmation

d. Treatment/Management

3. Is this condition/disorder age or gender-specific?

please make sure to include all citetation

Answer 1

There are many Endocrine disorders, such as Diabetes, Hypo and Hyperthyroidism, Cushing syndrome, Addisons disease, Graves Disease etc.

1. Cushing Syndrome : This is a metabolic disorder caused by over production of cortisol by the adrenal glands.

2. Pathophysiology:

Due to the radiological factors such as corticosteroids and tumors. Autoregulatory production of cortisol gets affected Excessive production of cortisol Altered secretion of cortisol hormones by the adrenal glands. Hypercortisolism CUSHING SYNDROME

Signs and Symptoms:

• Rounded face
• Fatty hump
• Excessive hunger
• Excessive sweating
• Fatigue
• Acne
• Darkening of skin
• Abnormal stretch marks
• Anxiety
• Depression
• Muscle wasting
• Osteoporosis

Diagnostic tests

24 hrs free cortisol test

Late night salivary cortisol test

Dexamethasone suppression test

Corticotrophine releasing hormone test

Treatment and Management

Medications that suppress excessive production of cortisol

• Medications
• Mifeprostone
• Ketoconazole

​​​​​​​Reducing the use of corticosteroids

3. Cushing syndrome is of both age and gender related, This can be seen mostly in adult females especially between 20 to 50 years.