Question

you compose a malnd you to accomplish that goal Activities for Chapter 1 cate an original report of empirical research in your field, read it, and the following questi in considerable detail later in this book. At this point, eral field of study. Your or inst cific jounals in your field that are available in your college library. Scan the tble contents for a research article on a topic of interest and make a photocopy to brine to elass with your answers.) Note that your instructor may want to assign a particular 1. Lo s cov ons. (How to locate journal articles on specific topics i simply locate one in your gen- ference librarian or instructor can help you to identify e re- search article for this activity A. Are there any obvious sampling problems? Explain. (Do not just read the sec. tion under the subheading "Sample" because researchers sometimes provide ad- ditional information about the sample throughout their reports, especiall introduction, where they might point out how their sample is different from those used by other researchers, or near the end, where they might discuss the limitations of the sample in relation to the results.) y in the B. Are there any obvious measurement problems? Explain. C. Has the researcher examined only a narrowly defined problem? Is it too narrow? Explain. D. Did you notice any other flaws? Explain. E. Overall, do you think the research makes an important contribution to advanc- ing knowledge? Explain.

Answer 1

Research is the process of the systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and

reach new conclusions.

or we can say that:

It is the systematic investigative process employed to increase or revise current knowledge by discovering new facts. It is

divided into two general categories:

(A) Basic research is inquiry aimed at increasing scientific knowledge, and (2) Applied research is an effort aimed at using

basic research for solving problems or developing new processes, products, or techniques.

The main goal of research: to learn about behavior that applies to a group of individuals

One of the primary factors need to conduct most research are :

*population: a large group of individuals of interest to a researcher

*sample: a select group (small set) of individuals from the population

*One of the main issues the researchers faced during the sampling is :

-Sampling bias: a biased sample is one that has characteristics noticeably different from those of the population / may not be

a representative of the population, the sample may be biased

Selection bias:: sampling procedure favors the selection of some individuals over others

*Sometimes after selection of an individual as a sample for the research study they will not participate in the research process

*Language barrier is one of the other problems in sampling

*Sometimes ample may change their interest at ant level of the research process

*Sometimereserchers may not get an adequate sample from the population of interest as a sample.

(B) Statistics are invaluable as evidence in support of conclusions.

*No, the statistic has any application to an individual but can have an application to the group

*The statistics are determined on the basis of studying individuals in the group, not studying the group.

*During the measurement sometimes small percentage differences that are not significant may be occurring that have little or no meaning.

*When sample sizes are small, caution should be taken when presenting the findings to ensure that the findings are not misleading.

*Showing meaningless percentage on the graph when the sample size is too small

*Sometimes a graph can be altered by changing the scale of the graph

(C) While defining a problem in research, it included three elements

*The problem itself stated clearly and with enough contextual details to establish why it is important

*While defining the problem should clearly indicate that what is to be investigated

*The problem statement should be narrow enough and should indicate the variables of interest and the specific relationships between the variables that are to be studied

(D)Yes,

*Mistakes can occur at many levels, and sometimes they turn out to be due to innocent reliance on common or specialized

methods.

*Failing to troubleshoot by at least attempting to get advice from others who have successfully used a method is also a

mistake.

(E) Surely,

*Through the research, there will be new contributions to the existing knowledge

*Knowledge can be gained from our own experience and improves the self-esteem and confidence

*We can gain new knowledge and contribution and apply it for the favor of the public and generalize the findings to the whole.