Question

help!!!

Answer the following questions for the article that you will find based on the information that you have been given. Answer in good depth and detail as appropriate. Use your text book, PowerPoints, class notes, InQuizitive, journal articles, and any other sources as appropriate. You may copy and paste the questions & answers into the required template at the end of the syllabus and place your answers directly below the questions in same size and font. Article #3 1. Find the article with this information: Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, Vol 58(2), March 1959 (pp. 203-210). What database did you find this article in? What steps did you take? Read the article. 2. List the name(s) of the Author(s) and the title of the article, 3. What is a hypothesis and what do the researchers predict 4. What "components of a research article" were highlighted what is the DOI #. What does DOI mean? will happen? in your article? Were any of the subheadings different than what you have come to expect? other types of measures are there? call our research volunteers today? 5. What type of Measure was used in this research? What 6. What do "S"and "E" stand for in the article? What do we 7. What is the population of interest for this study? Are there 8. What is a sample and what sampling technique was used? any issues with External Validity in this study? Explain whether this is a probability or non-probability method and what that means. What is n? What is N? 9. What type of Claim were the researchers making in this study? Be specific and explain what that method entails. What variables are under investigation? Is there a hypothetical construct being researched? What is it? 10. Is an IV/DV noted in this research? If so, what type of research MUST this study be? Does this research meet all of the criteria required for research that uses an IV/DV?

Answer 1

1. I found the article on APAPsycNET database and also on Archive.org. I used Google Scholar and found the details there. Then I verified the Date, Volume and Page numbers, which convinced me that this is the right article.

2. Name of the Article: Cognitive consequences of forced compliance. Authors of this article are : Leon Festinger and James M. Carlsmith.

The DOI of the Article is : 10.1037/h0041593

DOI (Digital Object Identifier) is Unique Digital Identifier used to identify digital things. Journal Publishers assign DOI to research articles to identify them easily. International DOI Foundation governs and manages these services.

3. Hypothesis being tested is:

a) If a person is induced to do or say something which is contrary to his private opinion, there will be a tendency for him to change his opinion so as to bring it into correspondence with what he has done or said.

b) The larger the pressure used to elicit the overt behavior (beyond the minimum needed to elicit it) the weaker will be the above-mentioned tendency.

4. The article highlighted the theory of Festinger concerning Cognitive Dissonance.

5. Seventy-one male subjects were used in the study and were divided into 3 groups. Subjects were shown first task which involved "Putting 12 spools into a tray, emptying the tray and refilling it with spool and so on". This task continued for half an hour. Then the tray and spools were removed by the experimenter and a board "containing 48 square pegs " was placed in front of him. Subjects were instructed to "turn each peg a quarter turn clockwise, then another quarter turn and so on". During both these tasks subjects were asked to "use one hand" only. This task also continued for half an hour. After this task was over the experimenter told the subject that have they finished the assigned tasks (deceptive briefing) and asked them to brief the subject who was sitting in the waiting room and inform her about the experiment and how he felt about it. The subjects were then divided into 3 groups and were subjected to three different conditions: Control Condition, One Dollar and Twenty Dollars. Subjects in Control Condition weren't asked to brief a female person in the waiting room. In One Dollar condition subjects were paid One dollar and asked to tell the person in waiting room "how fun the experiment was" even though it was boring and dull. In Twenty dollar condition, Subjects were paid twenty dollars to do same job.

6. S stand for Subject while as E stands for Experimenter. Nowadays, we call them " Research Participants or Subjects" and experimenters as "Investigator or Researcher".

7. Seventy-one male subjects were selected from the Stanford University. These subjects were students of "Introductory Psychology course". There are no issues with the external validity of this study as others researchers replicated the findings of this study.

8. Sample is a "group of people or objects that are taken from a large population and acts as the representative of that population". Convenience sampling method was used, which is a non-probability based sampling method. In Probability based sampling techniques, subjects are selected randomly and anyone can be part of the experiment. In Non-Probability method subjects are not chosen randomly. n refers to the sample size and N refers to the population size.

9. Researchers predicted that "the subjects will make statements contrary to their individual beliefs and larger the reward given to the subject, the smaller will be the subsequent opinion change".  

Independent Variable: Amount of Money offered

Dependent Variable: Opinion Change and Self-report measure

The researchers were studying the " Forced Compliance Theory", which is a subset of Cognitive Dissonance.

10. Independent Variable: Amount of Money offered

Dependent Variable: Opinion Change and Self-report measure

This was an experimental study and it met all the required criteria for the experiment.