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1. Paragraph #1: Patient’s age, sex, brief PMHx, explanation of a current medical situation

A patient is a 92-year-old female who has been diagnosed with congestive heart failure, asthma, and Pneumonia. She was admitted to Redmond Care and Rehab primarily with the respiratory problem in December 2017. She has a full code status of DNR. PMHx- Congestive Heart Failure, Asthma, Chronic kidney disease, Primary hypertension, and atrial fibrillation. Abdominal surgery was done during the birth of her first child. She does not remember the exact date and not found on the medical record.

2. Paragraphs #2: Clearly describes the application of medical-surgical concepts discussed in class thus far.

My patient has cardiac-related problems. Such as heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome that results in the ability of the heart to provide sufficient blood to meet the O2 needs of tissues and organs. A defect in either ventricular filling (diastolic dysfunction) or ventricular ejection (systolic dysfunction) is the key manifestation of HF. HF is associated with numerous cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), particularly long-standing hypertension, coronary artery disease (CAD), and myocardial infarction (MI) (Lewis et al., 2017 p 734). Atrial fibrillation is the most common, clinically significant dysrhythmia with respect to morbidity and mortality rates and economic impact. Its prevalence increases with the patient age. It also is known as AF or Afib, is an irregular, rapid heart rate that may cause symptoms like heart palpitations, fatigue, and shortness of breath. My patient genetic African American background and her age increase the risk of developing cardiac. Because of all the above reasons, the patient cardiac out may be diminished, therefore as a nurse, we need to attend as we delivering care.

3. Paragraph #3: Clearly describes the application of pharmacology to clinical practice.

Carvedilol 6.25mg PO 1 tablet twice a day for HTN and heart failure

Furosemide/Lasix 40mg PO twice a day for CHF (fluid retention)

Potassium Chloride extended-release 10MEQ PO twice a day for Diuretic

Dextromethorphan-Guaifenesin 5ml PO every hour as needed for a cough.

Tiotropium Bromide monohydrate(capsule 18 MCG) 1 capsule PO One time a day for reactive airway disease.

Acetaminophen-codeine(300-30mg) 1 tablet PO For the relief of mild to moderately severe pain management in the morning.

Saccharomyces boulardii Capsule PO One time a day anti-inflammation for gastritis.

A patient is on a different kind of medication to treat her heart failure, HTN, AF, and asthma. Before administering the medication, the nurse needs to give attention, and take the vital signs to prevent any kind of side effect and harm. If any unusual vital signs are monitored, it is better to notify the provider. Generally, it is good to have a better understanding of the concepts of pharmacology in the nursing profession. If we have good knowledge of pharmacology we can to help our patient through the intervention. A patient is taking Carvedilol, a beta blocker that helps the heart to beat more slowly with less force. Again, this medication is taken to reduce hypertension as well.

Answer 1

Answer: The patient is 92 years old female who is suffering from congestive heart failure, Asthma and pneumonia who has been admitted in the hospital in 2017 for the respiratory disorder. She don't remember the exact date of her delivery of the birth of first child as operations was performed.

Heart problems or the cardiovascular diseases mainly occurs when there is insufficient supply of oxygen to the heart or the other body parts. When the heart becomes unable to pump heart due to excessive accumulation of cholesterol in the artery or vessel the blockage occurs. African Americans are more prone to cardiovascular disease.

Drugs and treatment provided to the patient includes:

Carvedilol 6.25mg PO 1 tablet twice a day for HTN and heart failure

Furosemide/Lasix 40mg PO twice a day for CHF (fluid retention)

Potassium Chloride extended-release 10MEQ PO twice a day for Diuretic

Dextromethorphan-Guaifenesin 5ml PO every hour as needed for a cough.

Special care and teachings should be provided to the patient as she is taking Carvedilol, a beta blocker that helps the heart to beat more slowly with less force. Nurse should educate the patient about the medication and timing of drug administration.