Question

A. Formulate a case study/scenario for a patient diagnosed with DIABETES Type ll. B. Include the following in the case study. a. Anatomy & Physiology b. Overview of the Disease Process c. Risk Factors d. Pathophysiology (Including all systems affected) e. Client Background, Biographical Data, Cultural Considerations, Demographic, Medical History, Current Health Status, Knowledge of Disorder, and all other areas of the Clinica Paperworlk Include the Lab Findings that are associated with Diabetes and the Lab Values that are also associated with Complications of Diabetes. Diagnostic Testing for Diabetes as well as for Complications associated with the disorde Treatments for Diabetes (All treatments including Medications, Non Pharmacological Treatments, Preventative Treatments, Complementary Therapies, Adjunct Therapies such as Wound Care, etc. Patient Education for Insulin Types and Administration (A Chart Can Be Developed) Home Care for Diabetes Consider relevant data to report to the physician. Consider community resources needed for a patient with this disorder. How would you follow up for the patient? f. g. h. i. j. k. C. Document your assessment findings from your case study to include: a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. All possible subjective assessment findings seen in a patient with Diabetes Type ll All possible objective assessment findings seen in a patient with Diabetes Type lI Nursing Diagnosis Goals for Treatment Short and Long Term Interventions for Disorder & Complications Treatments Evaluation of Treatments Follow up Requirements

Answer 1

A, Anatomy and physiology- diabetes is a disorder of pancreas.pancreas is an endocrine organ located posteriorly to stomach.it has a direct influence on carbohydrate metabolism and indirect influence on fat and protein metabolism.it also produces insulin and glucagon.

B,diagnostic test includes glucose tolerance test,glycosylated haemoglobin.normal range is 4-6%.glycosylated serum albumin (1.5- 2.7mmol/l).

Diabetes mellitus-caused by a defiency of insulin which leads to impaired carbohydrate protein and lipid metabolism.

Types-

type 1-beta cell destruction causes insulin deficiency

Type 2- it may be caused due to resistance of insulin or lack of insulin.

Risk factors- it can be abdominal obesity,hypetglycemia,hypertension, high triglycerides level.however obesity is a major risk factor for diabetes mellitus.

Complications-it leads to severe health problems also it affects both small and large blood vessels.it includes

-coronary artery disease

-cardiomyopathy

-hypertension

-cerebrovascular disease

-peripheral vascular disease

Complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy affects micro vessels.

Symptoms-hyperglycemia,blurred vision,slow wound healing,vaginal infection, weaknesses and paresthesias,inadequate circulation to the feet,atherosclerosis

Treatment

Diet

-timely food and amount can control the blood glucose

Exercise -it encourages weight loss and helps to lower blood glucose levels.patient should monitor blood glucose before,during and after exercising.

Oral hypoglycemic medicine-only when diet and exercise fails to control blood glucose

Insulin therapy-when 3 above mentioned methods fail patient should take insulin.

Foot care

- monitor feet daily for any swelling and redness

-avoid injuries

-wash feets with warm water and dry thoroughly

-should not wear tight garments

-cut toenails straight across

-avoid smoking