Question

1. Explain what is fluid volume overload and the signs and symptoms. What type of interventions are necessary from Nursing.

2. Explain what is fluid volume deficit and the signs and symptoms. What type of interventions are necessary from Nursing.

Answer 1

ANSWER

1. Fluid volume overload.

           It is an abnormal condition in which retention of excess amount of water in the

           body.

          it may due to kidney or heart failure which result in accumulation of water in the lungs

          and other parts of the body.

* Signs and symptoms

         * Generalised body edema especially face,extremities,ankles,around eyes etc.

         * Hypertension.

         * Shortness of breath.

         * Headache.

        * Body cramps.

        * Ascites.

        * Slow or fast heart rate.

* Nursing interventions

         * Fluid restriction to avoid fluid overload.

         * Reduce intake of sodium to prevent accumulation of water in the body.

         * Provide oxygen therapy to relieve breathing problems due to fluid overload.

         * Administer diuretics to eliminate excess water as per physicians order.

2. Fluid volume deficit.

           it is abnormal condition of the body in which loss of excess amount of water from

           the body.

           It may due to internal bleeding,loss of sodium,severe burns,diarrhea,excessive

           sweating ,vomiting etc.

   * Signs and symptoms.

         * Weakness.

         * Drowsiness.

         * Low urine output.

         * Headache.

         * Profuse sweating.

         * Nausea.

         * Hypotension.

         * Slow heart rate.

         * Nursing interventions.

        * Promote intake of oral fluids and give fluids through IV route to maintain

          fluid volume.

       * Prepare a sodium rich diet plan for maintain normal fluid volume in the body.

       * Replace blood products if fluid deficit is due to bleeding from the body.

       * Administration of colloids or crystalloid solutions(eg; albumin,gelatin etc)

         to regain fluid volume as per physicians order.