Give a brief description how you would assess the reproductive
system of a male or female patient, young adult, middle age, or
older patient (choose).You may only cover one aspect of the
assessment.
Discuss, in brief, one psychosocial or psychological
impact of the effect of breast disorder of a patient. Choose which
disorder you want to talk about.
Discuss, in brief, one gynecologic problem of a
patient. Choose which disorder you want to talk about.
The female reproductive system consists of the breasts; uterus; fallopian tubes; cervix and introitus. The assessment of the reproductive system should be done in presence of a female attendant (if the person who is assessing is a male); with privacy and consent of the patient.
A.Inspection:
Breasts: 1. To inspect the position and size of the breast and if it is corresponding with the age and generalised overall condition of the breast.
2. To inspect the nipple and look for any retraction ; eversion and its normal position.
3. To inspect the areola and look for any fissure present or not.
Per Abdomen: 1. To look for any striae; any incision lines or any obvious swelling present or not
2. To look at the position of umbilicus or any obvious abdominal distension present/not.
Introitus: 1. To look for any discharge per-introital or any redness or obvious swelling.
2. To look for any protruding out of the introitus and to look for cough impulse.
3. To visualize the cervix with the help of a speculum and look for any breach in the continuity, any bleeding or discharge.
B. Palpation:
Breasts: 1. To assess the mobility of the breasts; and any heaviness of the breasts.
2. To palpate the axillary lymph nodes in that area.
3. To look for any generalized increase in temperature or tenderness in any of the breast
Abdomen:
1. To look for any increase in temperature or tenderness per abdomen.
2. To palpate for any mass in the lower abdominal area or any evidence of presence of fetus pole.
Per Introital:
1. To feel the wall of the introital mucosa is consistent and palpate for any mass/ swelling.
2. To palpate the external os and find whether it is open/ closed; along with its consistency.
3. To palpate the cervix and assess its size and shape.
4. To assess the level of the fetus pole (if present) with the level of the iscial spine to assess the fetal descent.
C. Percussion: To look for any shifting dullness / fluid thrill to assess ascites.
D. Auscultation: To look for any IPS(Intestinal Peristaltic Sound) or FHS(Fetal Heart Sound) per abdomen present or not.
Psychological effect of breast disorder of a patient:
Patients suffering from breast disorders suffer from various psychological problems. It occur mainly due to lack of knowledge about the course of the disease; the social stigma and apprehension about the line of treatment and recovery period. Generally, the patients suffer from anxiety disorder and depression. It occurs due to the apprehension and lack of support from the relatives.Breasts are also organ of feminity and sexuality. Due to a disorder, the sexual drive of the person may decrease. The patient becomes concerned about her looks after its removal and its effect on motherhood. As a result of cumulative effect of the above scenarios, result in lack of sleep of the patient and tendency to commit suicide in the late stages.
Gynecological Problem: Let us put a discussion on painful or difficult mensuration in a patient.
The above complaint is referred to as Dysmenorrhoea in medical terms.
Classification:
It can be divided into primary and secondary dysmennorhoea.
Clinical points | Primary Dysmennorhoea | Secondary Dysmennorhoea |
Age | Occurs in adolescent | Occurs after 25 years |
Etiology | Occurs due to excessive prostaglandin production and anatomical abnormality | Occurs due to gynecological disorders like endometriosis;PID; fibroid etc. |
Clinical Features | Onset of pain before mensturation; stays for 1-2 days | onset after mensturation and persists throughout the period |
Associated Symptoms | Associated with headache, nausea, dizziness, vomiting | Associated with menorrhagia,dysmenorrhoea |
USG | usually normal findings | May reveal the underlying pathology |
Treatment | Analgesics, OCPs | According to the cause; generally surgery |
Give a brief description how you would assess the reproductive system of a male or female...
Give a brief description how you would assess the reproductive system of a male or female patient, young adult, middle age, or older patient (choose).You may only cover one aspect of the assessment.
2. Discuss, in brief, one psychosocial or psychological impact of the effect of breast disorder of a patient. Choose which disorder you want to talk about. 3. Discuss, in brief, one gynecologic problem of a patient. Choose which disorder you want to talk about.
Give a brief description how you would assess the reproductive system of a middle age.
Discuss one male reproductive system disorder and relate how you would plan and intervene Discuss one diagnosis related to transgender care and how you would plan and intervene Discuss one sexually transmitted disease in men or women and related few possible treatments Add references and citation of the work
How do you think dysfunction of the male and female reproductive organs can affect reproduction? How would you support your patient that was experiencing infertility? What experience if any have you had with this?
pharmacology Assignments, Chapter 41, Drugs Affecting the Male Reproductive System Learning Objective(s) Written Assignments 1. Identify why a patient would be prescribed androgens. Describe the effects of testosterone and androgens on the male body. What are the adverse effects? 2. Develop a chart that identifies the therapeutic actions, indications, pharmacokinetics, contraindications, common adverse reactions, and drug-drug interactions for testosterone, oxandrolone, and sildenafil. Learning Objective(s) Group Assignments 1. Discuss nursing concerns and nursing measures for use of testosterone, oxandrolone, and sildenafil...
Alice is a 24-year old female recently diagnosed with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). She was recently married and is considering starting a family. When counseling her about the disease, you might include all of the following EXCEPT: SLE is very rare in women of childbearing age b. Symptoms may worsen with the use of oral contraceptives Symptoms may worsen during or after pregnancy d. There is a strong genetic component to the incidence of SLE Some patients with RA develop...
Case Scenario #1 1. Ms. Smith is a 34 year old female that you have been asked to assess. She is 5 feet, 1 inch tall and weighs 220 lbs. She is a post-operative patient who had her gall bladder removed yesterday. She has received a lot of pain medication and is lethargic at the time of your assessment. You talk to her about her complaints and she states she is having difficulty breathing. You suspect atelectasis and recommend a...
Case Study Multiple Sclerosis You have been asked to see D.V. in the neurology clinic. D.V., gas been referred by his internist, who thinks his patient is having symptoms of MS. D.V. is a 25-year-old man who has experienced increasing urinary frequency and urgency over the past 2 months. Because his female partner was treated for a Sexual transmitted disease (STD), D.V. also underwent treatment, but the symptoms did not resolve. D.V. has also recently had 2 brief episodes of eye “fuzziness” associated with diplopia...
CASE STUDY ANOREXIA NERVOSA ANORE ear-old female admitted to the psychiatric unit last night ment at a local hospital emergency room for "blacking out at en a preliminary diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. As you begin to she is very loose clothing and is wrapped in a blanket. She tells um here. They are making a big deal out of nothing". She Joyce Mann is a 23-year-old female admitted to after assessment and treatment at a local hospital school". She has...