Ans) Antibacterial action generally falls within one of four mechanisms, three of which involve the inhibition or regulation of enzymes involved in cell wall biosynthesis, nucleic acid metabolism and repair, or protein synthesis, respectively.
- Five Basic Mechanisms of Antibiotic Action against Bacterial
Cells:
• Inhibition of Cell Wall Synthesis.
• Inhibition of Protein Synthesis (Translation)
• Alteration of Cell Membranes.
• Inhibition of Nucleic Acid Synthesis.
Antimetabolite Activity
Describe the modes of action of antimicrobial drugs (ie: cell membrane, cell wall, protein synthesis, etc)....
Antimicrobial Review: Match the antibiotic with the mode of ACTION. Antimicrobial Group Effect on bacteria __ Fluoroquinolones, Rifampin __ Aminoglycosides, Tetracycline __ β‐Lactams __ Polymixins __ Sulfonamides, Trimethoprim A. Inhibit cell wall synthesis B. Inhibit protein synthesis C. Disrupts metabolic processes D. Disruption of cell membrane E. Inhibit DNA synthesis
73) All antimicrobial drugs act by: a) killing bacteria b) inhibiting protein synthesis c) stopping cell growth d) binding to a cellular target e) getting inside the bacteria
here are the possible choices for the questions: Inhibition of cell wall synthesis. Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis. Inhibition of protein synthesis. Inhibition of synthesis of essential metabolites. Injury to the plasma membrane. Here are the Questions: Which of the following best describes the mode of action of Penicillin? Which of the following best describes the mode of action of Sulfamethoxazole (a sulfa drug)? Which of the following best describes the mode of action of Tetracycline?
When the term parenteral is used in regards to drug administration, this applies to drugs administered _____ (choose all that apply). Select one or more: a. intravenously b. orally c. intramuscularly d. topically Protein synthesis occurs in all living cells. Why, then, are some antimicrobial drugs that target protein synthesis selectively toxic to bacteria? Select one: a. The protein synthesis in human cells occurs less frequently than that in bacterial cells. b. The ribosomes found in human cells and those...
1) Antimicrobial X targets a specific protein in the cytoplasm of the bacterial cell, causing the bacteria to stop growing, but does not kill them. A few bacteria start to grow in the presence of antibiotic X. Analysis of the bacteria that can now grow shows that they have changed the shape of the target for antimicrobial X. What conclusion can be made? a) The change in shape of the target for antimicrobial X had no effect on the effectiveness...
Pharmaceutical Interventions: Antimicrobial drugs target one of five possible cellular targets. Pick one target and describe the mechanism of antimicrobial treatment. Provide an example of a drug that utilizes this mechanism and decide if antimicrobial resistance is a concern with this drug.
Label the image to review major targets of drugs acting on bacterial cells. Cephalosporins Protein synthesis inhibitors acting on ribosomes Cell membrane Sulfonamides (sulfa drugs) Cell wall inhibitors Penicillins Polymyxins Erythromycin Aminoglycosides Quinolones Folic acid synthesis DNA/RNA Rifampin
Of the six categories of inhibition, (inhibition of cell wall synthesis, inhibition of protein synthesis, disruption of cytoplasmic membrane, inhibition of general metabolic pathway, inhibition of DNA or RNA synthesis, or inhibition of pathogens attachment or entry into host cell) which would be effective against viruses? Which would be practical to use?
13. Briefly describe the four modes of action of antibacterial drugs and give an example drug for each mode of action. 14. What are the four types of acquired immunity and how do they differ in mechanism? 15. Case Study Question: Mr. B, age 42, is a construction worker in San Antonio. He recently developed a forefoot pedal ulcer, with a high risk of subsequent amputation. His physician referred him for evaluation using the current standard approach to imaging a...
1. Which drug category includes the penicillins? Group of answer choices Cell wall synthesis inhibitors Protein synthesis inhibitors Metabolism inhibitors DNA synthesis inhibitors 2. You are assisting in the care of a client taking gentamicin (Cidomycin). What lab value would be most important to monitor for this drug? Group of answer choices Lab value showing kidney function Lab value showing potassium level Lab value showing cholesterol level Lab value showing clotting time 3. What does the term “virulence” mean? Group...