Question

For each of the following scenarios I would like you to answer four questions:

1. What is the condition? (.5 point)
2. What drug could be used to treat this condition? (There may be multiple correct answers for this question as there are a lot of drugs out there J) (.5 point)
3. What category does the drug you listed in question two fit? (For instance, alendronate (Fosamax) is in the bone resorption inhibitor drugs category – pg. 189) (.5 point)
4. How does the drug work in the body to treat the condition? (1 point)

There are 20 scenarios each worth 2.5 points for a total of 50 points. This assessment is due on Dec. 19^th at 11:59pm.

Example: Jackson is a 16 year old boy with pustules and comedos on his face and chest.

• The condition is acne vulgaris
• A drug to treat is adapalene (Differin)
• This drug is a topical vitamin A-type drug
• This drug works by causing the cells of outer layer of skin to multiply rapidly which prevents the pores from becoming clogged. This decreases the formation of pustules and comedos.

1. James’s heart is weak and unable to adequately pump blood which is leading to swelling in his legs. His doctor wants to first address the swelling in his legs.
2. Lila presents to her doctor complaining of having to go to the bathroom all the time and a burning feeling when she urinates.
3. Isnino has a burning feeling in her chest after eating and she states that it sometimes feels like she has a lump in her throat.
4. Taye is at his primary physician’s office because of stomach pain especially after eating certain foods. His doctor has run some tests and Taye has tested positive for the presence of H. pylori.
5. Dorothy has pain, inflammation, swelling and deformity of her joints in both hands.
6. Cheikh is 8 years old. He gets short of breath and starts wheezing during gym class.
7. Jerry has a blood pressure of 150/94. His doctor has asked him to try and lower that with diet and exercise. However, a change in diet has not helped and he has asthma so it is difficult for him to exercise.
8. Mohammad is a 50 year old male. He weighs 280 pounds and is a smoker. He is in for his annual check-up and his blood lipid results are: Total cholesterol = 245mg/dL, LDL = 140mg/dL and HDL = 3
9. Sam and Tarah have been trying to get pregnant for over a year. Their doctor has run some tests and they show that Tarah does not ovulate every month.
10. Aballa is 45 years old and overweight. Over the past couple of weeks she has noticed that she is very thirsty and hungry and goes to the bathroom more often. Her doctor has run some tests and her A1c is 7.0 percent.

Answer 1

James’s heart is weak and unable to adequately pump blood which is leading to swelling in his legs. His doctor wants to first address the swelling in his legs.

• The condition is edema.
• The drug of choice is furosemide(lasix).
• This drug is a loop diuretic.
• It works by blocking the absorpton of sodium, chloride and water from the filtered fluid in the kidney tubules and thus increasing the urine output.

Lila presents to her doctor complaining of having to go to the bathroom all the time and a burning feeling when she urinates.

• The condition is UTI (Urinary tract infection).
• The common drug of choice is levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and so on.
• This drug belongs to quinolone antibiotics.
• It works by breaking the bacterial chromosome strand, supercoiling and resealing, thus inhibiting the DNA replication and its transcription.

Isnino has a burning feeling in her chest after eating and she states that it sometimes feels like she has a lump in her throat.

• The condition is heart burn.
• A drug to treat is zantac (ranitidine)
• It is an histamine 2 blocker (antacid)
• It works by reducing the amount of acid the stomach produces.

Taye is at his primary physician’s office because of stomach pain especially after eating certain foods. His doctor has run some tests and Taye has tested positive for the presence of H. pylori.

• The condition is peptic ulcer
• A drug to treat is omeprazole and metronidazole.
• It is a proton pump inhibitor and an antibiotic.
• Metronidazole inhibits protein synthesis and helps in strand breakage of bacterial DNA.
• Omeprazole suppress gastric acid secretion by specific inhibition of the H⁺/K⁺ ATPase enzyme system at the secretory surface of the gastric parietal cell.

Dorothy has pain, inflammation, swelling and deformity of her joints in both hands.

• The condition is Rheumatoid arthritis.
• The drug of choice is hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil), NSAIDs
• It is a disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD).
• It works by decreasing the pain and swelling. (its action not clear in immune disorders).