Question

Analyze the disease or disorder you posted on your discussion post.

Remember to use your resources, include a cover page, and do a reference page.

Concept Map

Criteria	Points
Describe the Respiratory Disease Process	1
Summarize a complete assessment of a patient with this disorder	4
Complete collaboration of care, management of client care and potential complications sections	2
Paper must be 250 words using correct grammar, sentence structure and punctuation.	2
Appropriate use of APA format; correct citing of sources in essay body and references.	1
Total	10

Medical Condition:

Objective: Focused assessment:

Assessment

Lab Tests

Subjective:

Subjective & Objective Data

Risk Factors

Diagnostic Procedures

Safety Considerations

           

Medications

Inter-disciplinary Care

Potential Complications/

Nursing Interventions

Collaborative Care

           

Care After Discharge/Education

Planning Client Outcomes

Surgical Interventions

Answer 1

Sinusitis:

It is the inflammation of the sinuses creates narrowed or blocked passages.

It can be caused by a complication from :

• Upper respiratory tract infection
• Tooth infection or abscess
• Allergies
• Pneumonia
• Measles

It can be also caused by air pollution, driving, swimming, nasal structure defects, Prolonged nasotracheal intubation.

Manifestations:

• Sinus tenderness
• Headache
• Nasal drainage
• Congestion
• Fever (acute only)
• Malaise
• Nausea
• Dizziness

Diagnostic measures:

• X-Ray (Sinus)
• CT scan (Sinus)
• MRI (Sinus)
• WBC count

Collaborative care :

• Antibiotics
• Decongestants
• Antihistamines
• Mucolytic agents
• Analgesics
• Endoscopic sinus surgery
• Antral irrigation
• Caldwell-Luc procedure (create nasal window)
• External sphenoethmoidectomy (remove diseased tissue and nasal polyps)

Medications:

Antimicrobials are recommended for those with severe symptoms, or persistent symptoms of at least seven days duration. Most people with acute sinusitis recover spontaneously.

Antimicrobials: amoxicillin; erythromycin; oxytetracycline or doxycycline as first-line treatments (De Ferranti et al, 1998). Co-amoxiclav or ciprofloxacin where the response to first-line treatments has been poor.

Decongestants: despite a lack of placebo-controlled trials, decongestants are often used. Use for more than seven days can result in rebound symptoms (rhinitis medicamentosa).

Intranasal corticosteroids: recent studies suggest there may be benefits for acute sinusitis when these are added to antimicrobials (Dolor et al, 2001). However, the results are inconclusive.

Steam inhalation: not recommended for routine use. Benefits are uncertain and there may be a danger of scalding.

Nursing interventions:

Advise the patient to :

• Reduce normal activities until acute symptoms have subsided;
• Drink lots of fluids, especially water, to help loosen secretions;
• Blow the nose gently;
• Elevate the head when lying down to relieve the stuffy feeling

Potential complications:

Complications of a sinus infection that may develop are meningitis, brain abscess, osteomyelitis, and orbital cellulitis.

Care after discharge or education:

Treatment with washing out the nose with salt water, decongestants or antibiotics.

Planning client outcomes:

• The client no longer uses the nostril breathing)
• The absence of additional breath sounds)
• Ronchi (-)d)
• Respiration = 16-20 times / minutes)
• The absence of chest wall retraction in 10-15 minutes

Surgical interventions:

Doctors recommend sinus surgery only if over-the-counter or prescription medications and other therapies fail to relieve symptoms of chronic sinusitis.

*Endoscopic sinus surgery

*Image-guided sinus surgery

*Balloon Sinuplasty