Question

Ms Lee is diagnosed with type 2 Diabetes. The PCP starts her on Metformin 500mg and Glipizide 5mg orally each day at breakfast and Atorvastin 20mg orally at bedtime. She is referred to the dietian for instruction on starting a 1200-calorie diet using an exchange system. You are providing education regarding pharmacotherapy and exercise. 8. What is the rational for starting her on Metformin, Glucotrol, and Atorvastatin? 9. What teaching do you need to provide regarding Diabetes? 10. What are some changes that Ms Lee can make to reduce to risk of slowing the progression of both microvascular and macrovascular disease?

Answer 1

Mr. Lee is diagnosed with type-2 diabetes. The PCP starts Metformin 500mg, Glipizide 5mg, and Atorvastatin 20mg.

8. The rationale for starting these medications is

Metformin- it lowers the blood sugar in the blood by lowering the production of sugar in the liver, it also increases the sensitivity of insulin.

Glipizide- It is an anti-diabetic medication use to treat type-2 DM. It decreases blood glucose by increasing insulin secretion.

Atorvastatin- It is an anti-lipid medication that raises HDL and LDL and overall keeps the cholesterol in the limit which is very necessary to control diabetes.

9. The nurse should provide health education regarding-

- Lifestyle changes ( active lifestyle, daily exercise to control diabetes)

- Dietary modifications ( eat low calorie, low fat, and high protein diet)

- What are the adverse effect of medication and how to use an oral anti hypoglycemic agent

- What is the complication of diabetes

10. The common complication of diabetes is microvascular and macrovascular diseases. Miss Lee can avoid these complications by keep the blood sugar level in the normal range with an active lifestyle, exercise, low-calorie diet, and regular use of the oral hypoglycemic agents.