Question

Please pick a research article on a topic of nutrition that interests you(any article you can find online).

Please summarize the article and give your opinion on the content.

It must be at least one full page

(provide the name or the link of the article if it possible)

Answer 1

Research Article : NUTRITION9

Proper nutrition offers one of the most effective and least costly ways to decrease the burden of many diseases and their associated risk factors, including obesity. The attainment of good nutrition depends on and encompasses the entire food supply. plant and animal foods and their various components are primary sources that provide nourishment to human beings. Nutrition is vital, not only in the growth and development of humans and animals but also in the prevention and treatment of disease. basic and applied research on the interrelations between nutrition and noncommunicable diseases, nutrient composition, and nutrition monitoring represents the underpinnings for healthy populations and robust economies.

The importance of nutrition, as an integral part of the solution to many societal, environmental, and economic challenges facing the world, ha just stared to be fully appreciated. The American Society for Nutrition (asn) has identified the "grand" challenges facing nutrition research and science in the 21st century, termed "Nutrition Research Needs." findings from these Nutrition Research Needs will elucidate strategies that can be applied toward the prevention and treatment of both infectious and noncommunicable diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. Knowledge about adequate nutrition has an important role n reducing or ending global and domestic food insecurity through direct and purposeful agricultural practices. Population growth will undeniably lead to increaswd global demand for a safe, available, sustainable, and affordable food supply, while continuing demand lead to nutritional adequacy.

Understanding variability in individual responses to diet and foods

A top priority for future nutrition research is the need to better understand variability in metabolic responses to diet and food components that affect overall health. Discoveries underpinning this variability will lead to advances in personalized nutrition interventions and will better inform health and food policies, including Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for nutrient needs and, ideally, future recommendations for known bioactive food components. Research in the following areas is necessary to determine the origins and architechture of variability and to explain similar or dissimilar responses to diet and food components by subpopulations, as influenced by genetic, epigenetic, and ethnic and/ or racial differences.

Omics : Omics research, such as nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics (e.g., epigenetics, proteomics, metabolomisc, and transcriptomics), will help to determine how specific nutrients interect with genes, proteins, and metabolites to predict an individual's health. Omics provide information on individualized nutrient requirements, including how nutrients are digested, absorbed, and meabolized, and their functions in the body.

Microbiome : Diverse microbes, such as bacteria and viruses, live in and on the body and contribute to the microbiome, which is estimated to have 10 times as many cells as the body itself. The microbiota needs to be better defined, and changes due to diet, age, physiologic state, and disease need to be determined. Research is needed to be determine the microbiome's role in varying biological responses to diet and food components and its importance in disease prevention and progression.

Biological networks : Basic research is needed to provide a better understanding of biological networks, such as an individual's genome (DNA/RNA protein profiles), and how these networks affect metabolic responses to diet and food. Environmental interactions, including nutrients and other dietary components, bacteria, viruses, and chemical contaminants, all may affect the responsiveness of biological networks to specific foods and the entire diet.

Tissues specificity and temporality : Research is needed to describe the mechanisms by which dietary factors affect variability in development and functioning, including which tissues are most influencwd by dietary factors and when during the most critical stages in the this influence occurs.