Question

For each of the disorders listed below, briefly describe: What it is, symptoms/observable evidence, what the client may report feeling, general treatment, nursing implications, and a priority nursing diagnosis.

• PTSD in Children

• PTSD in Adults

• Reactive Attachment Disorder

• Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder

• Acute Stress Disorder Adjustment Disorder

• Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder

• Dissociative Amnesia

• Dissociative Identity Disorder

• Somatic Symptom Disorder

• Illness Anxiety Disorder

• Conversion Disorder

• Factitious Disorder (Self/Other)

• Malingering

Answer 1

PTSD in a child:
Signs and symptoms:
difficulty sleeping, depression, nervousness, loss of interest, unresponsiveness, loss of affectionate, violence, having flashbacks while playing. loss of reality and touch, schooling problem, trouble focus, Acting younger than that age, headache and stomachache.
treatment:
cognitive behavioral therapy and medication for depression and anxiety.
Nursing implications:
-continuity of care provide meaningful intervention.
-assess child suicidal thoughts and anxiety
-ensure safety precaution
-listen to child feeling and desire and behave calmly
-encourage them to express emotions
-encourage the child to talk about their traumatic event
-teach visualization and relaxation technique
-Administer medications as per doctors order and watch for symptoms
-Provide a calm and relax environment
Nursing diagnosis:
-Anxiety, ineffective coping, social isolation, and fear

PTSD in adults:
Signs and symptoms:
Memories about a traumatic event, flashbacks, nightmares, emotional distress, avoiding activity, place, and person, negative thoughts, hopelessness, memory problem, frightened, self-destructive behavior, trouble concentration, and sleeping, feeling guilty and irritability.
Treatment:
Cognitive therapy, exposure therapy, and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing and antidepressants.
Nursing implications:
-Maintain a calm environment and trusting relationship
-provide comfort measure
-Stay with the patient during panic symptoms
-Avoid emotional stimulation
-administer SSRIs medication as per doctors instruction
-involve patient in relaxation and deep breathing exercise
-encourage the client to write about their traumatic event.
Nursing diagnosis:
anxiety, fear, risk of suicide, Social isolation

Reactive attachment disorder:
Signs and symptoms:
Withdrawal symptoms, fear, sadness, failure to smile, lack of social interaction, failure to have assistance or support, Not interest in the activity and playing
Treatment:
Psychotherapy and family therapy
Nursing implications:
-encourage the child with nurturing and caring
-encourage stable attachment to the child
-provide a positive environment for the child
-address child medical, and safety needs
-involve family to psychological counseling
educate them about child condition
-involve parents in parenting skill classes
Nursing diagnosis: low self-esteem, impaired social interaction, Ineffective coping and fear.

Disinhibited social engagement disorder
signs and symptoms:
-no fear or adults strangers
-no shyness, over close with unknown adults, talkative and friendly nature with strangers
-no hesitation with an unfamiliar person
Treatment: Play therapy, psychotherapy ad art therapy, parent-child interaction talk therapy.
nursing implications:
-Observe the child social and emotional and friendly relationship with others
-Compare the child age with milestones
-Involve the child in play therapy and fulfill their needs and incorporate security, stability, and sensitivity for healthy attachment.
Never punish them
-Develop a trusting relationship
- encourage positive learning models
-Provide emotional support to cope up with child difficult situation and behavior
-provide a stable safe environment
nursing diagnosis:
-ineffective coping, risk of harm, ineffective protection, Risk for self-mutilation.