Question

please help me with thess questions

2. Cindy Johnston, 65 years of age, is scheduled to have a right total knee replacement next week. She is at the pretesting clinic having the preoperative testing completed. The orders indude: CBC, comprehensive metabolic panel, urinalysis, type and cross match for 2 units of PRBCs, chest X-ray, and ECG. Mrs. Johnston asks if she can donate her own blood for the procedure. (Leaming Objective 5) a. How should the nurse respond? b. What are the advantages of autologous blood donation? c. Which patients would not be candidates for autologous donation? Case Study, Fluid and Electrolytes Mrs. Dean is a 75 year old woman Admission diagnosis: small bowel obstruction Past medical history: hypertension Patient is NPO with gastric tube to low continuous suction, IV of 0.9% NS at 83 mLhr Medications furosemide 20 mg daily and hydromorphone 0.2mg every 4 hours, as needed for pain. Lab results, potassium of 3.2 mEL 2. What are possible causes of a low potassium level? b. What action should the nurse take in relation to the serum potassium level? What clinical manifestations might there is Dean?

Answer 1

2.a.Using own blood for surgery is called as autologous donation but it has to be done weeks before surgery.It is possible if a person fits into criteria like age less than 65 years with good health status ,no blood disorders, not posted for immediate procedures where there can be major blood loss ,other medical conditions, etc.,The decision can be made as per the healthcare provider's order.

b.The advantages of autologous blood transfusion are

• There are no possibilities for transfusion reaction
• Low mortality rates

c.The patients who are not the candidates of autologous blood donation are

• Above 65 years
• Donating for the first time if after age 60
• Cardiovascular disease
• Sepsis

a.The possible cause of low potassium level in this patient is the use of furosemide which can lead to loss of potassium in urine .

b.The nurse should assess for the following vital

• Vital signs because low potassium can alter the pulse and blood pressure
• Assess for signs of low potassium (weakness ,muscle cramps,palpitations, cardiac and respiratory issues,etc.,)

c.The clinical manifestation are

• Muscle cramps
• Palpitations
• Weakness
• Breathing problems