Question

A, Give 10-15  disadvantages of pharmacologic approaches for pain management/treatment?

B, What are the five main classes of pain medications, uses, contraindications, other relevant nursing care.

C, Identify 6 non-pharmacologic approaches for pain management/treatments.

Answer 1

- B five main classes af pain medication y 2 Anafgesie medication 2. Patient controlled Mon - opioid Analgesics ŞAdjuvant Osegu Opioid froid 3) Epidoral_Analgezice Local Anesthesia 1. Analgesiu 55 Placebo Response None opioids It include common over the counter medication such as Aspirin, Acetersinophen , ibuprofen etc. The damaged. titjece releases enzyme that ticolelate local poin regosh, It is interferse with the enzyme and reduce intflamation and paine Opioidid It act on synceptic transmission in Various parts of CNS by bineling to Maturall opeoitte reegtorp. They inhibit accending péthwreys of pain perception and activate deskending bca Hefeways. Teacher's Signatura Sched

These areas include codeine, methadorle oxycodone etc.. Adjuvant Drugs Corticosteroilley, antidepressante anti- epileptic ekscesso reduccé men scene lexcitability land action pofential conduction in neurons at the CNS. 22. Patient Controlleck Analgesies is -PCA is a small, lightweight ballery- operceted pump attached to a syringe filled I with zein medication. The Sebringe is Looked to an IV hike. A A catheter is placed IV or so and the av sube is conned to this 3. Epiclural Analgesia It is being used more common to provide pain relief from emmedeak I poslogesahve painle particeeloply Lotterhorasic'c abdominal corthopédie vascular Surgery, labor and delivery Rain and for chronie pain of situation. Local Anesthesia Anesthetics block action potential. transmission by interfeting with sodium and potassium) Channels in nerve cell membranes. CamScanner Teacher's Signstore

Anesthetic agent may be applied locally to the skin for the loss as sensation to a localbzed body part. it is Called intillation. The agent work. by Chemically blocking the nerve ~ pathways involved in pain Slemsection are called nerve block.. 5 Placebo Response The term placebo corones from the Laetun word meaning "p shall please.. It consists as an inactive substance aften given to satisfy a pesson's Icleshonde fora ditega, c M on pharmachologee Approaches 1. Apathy Stimulation Lractivities > Simple tasks. Hurbances Take steps to maintain reguleer good seller 7 → Shimulation during the - dey. Reduction en excessive Stimulation in the o evening 3. Darrifudbility Break down Simple Stepers Redirection, Scanned with CamScanner Teacher's Signatura

NN - Wandering - Visual cuest A Exercise Safe places to Wander -5moock elisorder → - 6 Supportive relationship an