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Q : Describe the trend of mortality in Saudi Arabia due to any one health phenomena and suggest any 2 measures to control it - Example maternal mortality, perinatal mortality, accident mortality, mortality due to any type of cancer etc. ( i need more than 250 words)

Answer 1

Cancer is a disease caused by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in a part of the body

When coming to describe the trends of mortality in Saudi Arabia cancer is the main reason. Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors resulting from the abnormal growth of breast cells. It is by far the most common cancer in women of different ages. There is a substantial rise in the incidence of breast cancer in Saudi Arabia in recent years, particularly among younger females compared to affected females’ in western countries.

• Breast cancer is top cancer in women worldwide and in the Kingdom.
• Breast cancer does occur in men too, but at a lower rate.
• The rates of breast cancer incidence are increasing in all world countries.
• About 1.38 million new cases and 458 000 deaths from breast cancer each year.
• Breast cancer affects Saudi women at an early age compared to developed countries, imposing socio-economic burdens.
• Most cases are detected at later stages, leading to a lower rate of recovery.
• The recovery rate of early detected cases may exceed 90%.

So many etiological factors have played an important role in breast cancer. These factors may act independently or together to cause breast cancer.

*The main etiologic factors that played for the occurrence of breast cancer are believed to be :

• age factors
• age at first birth
• early menarche
• gender
• dietary factors
• tobacco smoking
• alcohol consumption
• low-dose irradiation
• obesity
• physical activity
• lactation
• hormonal factors
• hormone replacement therapy
• steroid hormone receptors
• mammographic density
• benign breast disease
• genetic factors.
• Her-2/Neu Antigen and triple negative breast cancer (Tnbc).

*The best measures to control the breast cancer are :

• to identify individuals at high risk for prevention
• early detection,

The ultimate benefit will be a future dramatic decline in the morbidity and mortality of breast cancer in Saudi Arabia.