Question

Which of the following is NOT true regarding renal calculi (kidney stones)?

Question 1 options:

	Take vitamin D and calcium tablets to strengthen bones and kidneys
	Limit foods high in dietary oxalate such as spinach, cocoa, and peanuts to prevent calcium oxalate stones
	Lower pH of the urine to acidify the urine and reduce stone formation
	Provide and encourage adequate fluids to reduce risk of crystals forming

Question 2 (1 point)

Which of the following is true regarding Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD)?

Question 2 options:

	PKD is the result of a direct injury to the tissues of the kidney by infection or a decrease in blood flow/perfusion
	Earliest clinical manifestations include renal calculi formation and back pain, urinary tract infection, and hypotension
	Fluid filled cysts form causing the surrounding normal renal tissue to compress, become damaged, and enlarge the kidney
	PKD individuals will need to take antibiotics for the rest of their lives to prevent the development of chronic renal failure and the need for kidney transplant

Question 3 (1 point)

Which of the following is NOT true regarding Diverticular Disease?

Question 3 options:

	More than one diverticulum is called a diverticulosis
	Diet high in fiber, increased fluid intake and daily exercise should be encouraged to help prevent complications
	Complications of diverticulitis can include perforation of the bowel, abscess formation, and rectal bleeding
	Treatment of diverticular disease may include antibiotics, bowel rest, bowel resection, or colostomy

Question 4 (1 point)

Match the four different forms of incontinence:

Question 4 options:

1234 This incontinence is the result of chronic overdistention and urinary retention in the bladder 1234 Detrusor muscle overactivity is the cause and there is urgency and frequency many times a day 1234 The inability to hold urine because of prolonged immobility 1234 Involuntary leakage of urine because of poor pelvic support or weakness in the urethral sphincter

1. Stress Incontinence 2. Urge Incontinence 3. Overflow Incontinence 4. Functional Incontinence

Question 5 (1 point)

The basic processes of the renal system include all of the following except:

Question 5 options:

	The regulation of electrolytes and acid base
	Maintains the balance of urine output and eliminates of metabolic wastes
	Contributes to the production of white blood cells
	Regulates systemic blood pressure

Answer 1

Which of the following is NOT true regarding renal calculi (kidney stones)? Question 1 options: fake vitamin D and calcium tablets to strengthen bones and kidneys Limit foods high in dietary oxalate such as spinach, cocoa, and peanuts to prevent calcium oxalate stones Lower pH of the urine to acidify the urine and reduce stone formation Provide and encourage adequate fluids to reduce risk of crystals forming Renal calculi or kidney stones occurs due to the accumulation of salts in the kidney due to low fluid intake. The term "calculi" refers to the calcified objects or stone like structures. Calcium supplements, foods rich in oxalate such as spinach and cocoa, are not recommended to these patients as they may further worsen the stone formation