Question

Controversies surround the consumption of e-cigarettes: Do they have adverse health effects and consequences or do they promote smoking cessation? Propose one case control study and one cohort study to explore this controversy.

Answer 1

ecies Chealthess Conso and Consejuences) e knoon by maH iFr n e-s, electfenic nicotre StemLeNDS), alternative nicot Stem CANos), e-hookahs, mods, stems JUUL Is one bYaefe-saveHe the oand os admnstation DA classiies them as tobacco Poduc+S > E-cigayeties avai, able inmany Shapes and Sizes E ciaYettes can look like cigaYettes, cigars,Pipes,fens oYmy be E CISxyetHes Use abatery that us, the vice on,heatin eement hat heats theand Huyn It into a Napoun, a coYtYiclqe oy tank th hoxls the equid and a mouth piece oi

opening usedl to inhale the Vapour a OF +ime to knou uhat the long *em fetYaj Ameticsin Goincey SecieS.sieser beause e-ci cause cancbt the heah rFFects of .term-Use..αγ22 roe: :Known 2.2.二 zl on · -ss 一 - Knoco .that-most le Cl 뎡 ay ett es al t-一.

Contain acldictive ictine hxms the orain cleverpme oF eenaers ノAnd fts impoY.tcınt-to know that c-cYAY Vapou Conrains Some Cancasi h In Signi ant lc inked to Serious Aun isase > Heavy metals such as niceレtin and lead 大 Case. Contre! Svody . .. Compared longer, smoking history

them were using ECs.claǐIYノhaveey eomaed to non- Smoking VapeYs USe of advanced dlevices and olail USEYS Compared to non- smokins Va /→The most imey.tant Yeason Fey initigt Ec use was 0 Yeduce Smo kins and Places by dua useits Csmpoxsd t non- StYonyest Pied ictos of beins dlu FNst-geneYortion Ecolerices (OR-/-98,95% cartOmizets and occasional e of ECS

ndite te that highex aiSK, PEXceptions was associated cuith dual use oFECs and tobacco cigayettes :: ^*.jun.::, rt i.at.こta-t t £:)..rycă nie ::.ir { : .L Data at 24 nmonths ueyeovailabeo 229 e-cisalette/uses/ A80 Eobacco Smokei GI, 1%/Ye mained, abstinent Fyom tobacco Product uascnot highes oy sarett → Self-Yoteol health and adveYgz events ueye Similay between ail gaups Ame hose coninuin soke +here eye no olifFeyence in the Fropeyti or of Panici rats yedui obacco eigoretHe Consumption by 50% ΟΥ moYeノthe

andl the evee Seted heath by baseline o Host lual uses at baseling aband ened e-cigaetes and continuedl sto Smoke tobacc Those Coho continue dual usin υ se oloing ollow-up esqey.en Significant improvements in the 3CỦtwmej Switched to only smoking tobacco (P40: fobacce utters emainins abstinemt Use clone mizit Spport From smoking ou vex, d se did. not AmProve he ikelihoool of in cco OYecigarsie use, but may