Question

Instructions: Watch the "Cellular Respiration" video available on CANVAS, and read Chapter9 in the text. Use the information from the sources to fill in the blanks with the most appropriate term/substrate/compound/pathway description. Type in responses below and bring completed worksheet to class 1. What is the starting substrate in glycolysis? (*Hint: nutrient that enters the cell answer here) 2. What energy-compound interacts with lucose to initiate glycolysis? answer here) 3. What is the final substrate (i.e. end product) of glycolysis? answer here) What is the coenzyme (and transporting substance) found in 4. lycolysisi? answer here) What is the fate of that coenzyme (and transporting substance) in anaerobic glycolysis? 5. answer here) 6. How is lactate produced?

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Answer 1

Ans) 1)In glycolysis, the starting substrate:

Aerobic: Glucose--> pyruvate + ATP
Anaerobic: Glucose --> lactate + ATP + NADH

2) The first step in glycolysis is catalyzed by hexokinase, an enzyme with broad specificity that catalyzes the phosphorylation of six-carbon sugars. Hexokinase phosphorylates glucose using ATP as the source of the phosphate, producing glucose-6-phosphate, a more reactive form of glucose.

3) The net end products of glycolysis are two Pyruvate, two NADH, and two ATP (A special note on the "two" ATP later).

4) As the glucose is oxidized by the glycolytic enzymes, the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ) is converted from its oxidized to reduced form (NAD + to NADH). When oxygen is available (aerobic conditions), mitochondria in the cell can reoxidize to NADHto NAD + .