An 82 year old presents for a checkup. On exam a right carotid bruit is appreciated. Which of the following may also be associated with this finding?
Mitral stenosis
Aortic stenosis
Mitral regurgitation
Right subclavian steal
82-year-old presents for a checkup. On exam, a right carotid bruit is appreciated. Which of the following may also be associated with this finding?
Aortic stenosis (The vascular murmur sound (bruit is heard over the carotid artery in case of Aortic stenosis)
An 82 year old presents for a checkup. On exam a right carotid bruit is appreciated....
CASE STUDY 2: Cardiovascular NOTE; Answer each question in detail. Please be very clear as to which case study and which question you are answering. You should number your answers according to the case study questions. On routine exam of an otherwise healthy 78-year-old man, you note a systolic murmur. Critical Thinking Questions: 1) What are the possible etiologies of this murmur? 2) What happens normally during systole and what could cause a murmur during systole? 3) What are the...
PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: Symptomatic right internal carotid artery stenosis. POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: Symptomatic right internal carotid artery stenosis. OPERATIVE PROCEDURE: 1. Right carotid thromboendarterectomy with patch placement. 2. Intraoperative electroencephalogram monitoring. INDICATION: This 30-year-old woman has a tight right internal carotid artery stenosis. She has had an episode of amaurosis fugax. She has some other medical problems that also complicate her overall situation, but she has a significantly tight stenosis that is symptomatic, and I would recommend an endarterectomy for this. The...
Case Study 5 ( PLEASE EXPLAIN all options for Q1-4) A 28-year old woman presents with fever for the past 8 weeks. She admits to low back pain and a 10- pound weight loss but has no other complaints. She is otherwise healthy. On physical examination, she a prominent holosystolic murmur heard at best at the apex with radiation to the axilla. No diastolic murmur is heard. There is no rash, and the results of the remainder of the examination...
#3 Cardiology (2 diagnoses and 1 procedure) This 85-year-old man was brought to the ER by his family because of right sided blindness that lasted only a few minutes on one day but then occurred two more times on different day. The patient was admitted with a diagnosis of transient monocular blindness. The physician described his condition as a unilateral temporary blindness, also known as amaurosis fugax. After study, the physician documented that the underlying condition cause of the amaurosis...
A 14 year old presents to the clinic for a sports physical. On exam a Grade 2/6 soft, non-harsh murmur is noted.The other feature(s) of this murmur which should be documented (if identified) include which of the following?: Is this an S1 or S2 murmur Located at left sternal border splitting of S2 disappears during expiration and or sitting up all of the above
For each of the following valves, please describe where it is located and into which compartment it prevents the backflow of blood. Also, which of the above valves are associated with chordae tendineae and papillary muscles? What are the functions of those structures? Please be descriptive as these are topics that may be on my exam. Bicuspid valve Tricuspid valve Mitral valve Right AV valve Left AV valve Aortic semilunar valve Pulmonary semilunar valve
Case Study: A 31-year-old woman presents with a 1-week history of fever, chills, fatigue, and unilateral ankle pain. Her past medical history includes mitral valve prolapse and hypothyroidism. Physical exam reveals a temperature of 102°F (39ºC), heart rate 110 beats per minute, blood pressure 110/70 mmHg, and respiration rate of 16 breaths per minute. Her cardiovascular exam reveals a grade 2/4 holosystolic murmur that is loudest at the right upper sternal border. Her right ankle appears red and warm and...
The NP is doing a preoperative evaluation on a 72 year old who has been seen in the practice for hypertension. The clinician hears an S-3 for the first time on cardiac exam. This increases the risk (an approximate 40% probability/ LR = 8.0) that this patient might have which of the following during the postoperative period? Myocardial Infarction Pulmonary edema A-V dissociation Severe aortic stenosis
A 41 yo male with a history of IV drug abuse presents with acute, nontraumatic right knee pain, chills, and sweats starting 2 days ago. On exam, his temperature is 102.9 F, the right knee is erthematous, edematous, tender to palpation, and also decreased range of motion. Plain X-rays of knee show soft tissue swelling. What is your most likely diagnosis? A 52 yo female is diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). What would you expect to find on your...
46-year-old presents to the ER with a cough and fever. The one finding which will increase the probability (to almost 100%) for a diagnosis of pneumonia is asymmetrical chest expansion. You also understand, however, that normal (symmetrical) chest expansion in this patient means which of the following? Rules out the possibility of pneumonia Does not rule out the possibility of pneumonia Shifts the diagnosis to acute bronchitis Provides no information at all