Question

Describe the classification of acute asthma exacerbations including degrees of sensitivity, manipulations and nursing care utilized during each degree of severity. one and half pages.

Answer 1

Acute ASTHMA exacerbation

It occurs Sudden onset .refers to worsening of asthma condition .It may leads to difficult in breathing , wheezing , coughingand chest tighting

It's classification are,

Mild , moderate , severe and life threading

Mild -

Here breathlessness while walking , increased respiratory rate, talking in sentence, agitated, usually not used asseccory muscles, wheezing in moderate at end expiration , pulse rate less than 100 beats per mints.

Moderate -

Here breathlessness while at rest, talking in phrases, agitated, increased respiratory rate , commonly used asseccory muscles , wheezing is loud throughout exhalation , pulse rate inbetween 100 to 200 beats per mints.

Moderate -

Here breathlessness while at rest , talking in words, agitated , respiratory rate often more than 30 beats per mints , usually used asseccory muscles , wheezing is loud throughout inhalation and exhalation , pulse rate more than 120 beats per mints.

Life threading-

Respiratory arrest may occur.

Nursing management

For mild - administer oxygen therapy to maitioan 90 % spo2

Inhaled short acting beta 2 agonist by nebulizer

Administer oral systemic corticosteroids.

For moderate- administer O2 therapy to improve spo2 up to 95%

Inhaled SABA by nebulizer and administer oral systemic corticosteroids continue 1- 2 hrs

For severe - as same as moderate treatment but high dose in SABA FOR EVERY 20 MINTS

COMMON MANAGEMNT

in history collection - collect previous hospitalization of asthma , past and present medical history , occupation , allergens to them

In physical examination - assess the level of alertness ; respiratory distress or wheezing , presence of cyanosis, LUNG function test , fliud status , upper airway obstructions

TREATMENT - PROVIDE OXYGEN THERAPY

Provide bronchodialators , provide inhaled SABA , systemic corticosteroids, and inhaled ipratropium bromide.

For life threading condition - hostipataliesed management of patient acute asthma exacerbation in intensive care unit.