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Describe how epidemiological data influences changes in health practices. Provide an example and explain what data...

Describe how epidemiological data influences changes in health practices. Provide an example and explain what data would be necessary to make a change in practice.

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Ans) Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health related states or event in specified populations and the application of this study to control of health problems (CDC 2012).

- Epidemiology is a quantitative discipline that relies on a working knowledge of probability, statistics and sound research methods.

- Epidemiology is a method of casual reasoning based on developing and testing hypothesis grounded in such scientific fields as biology behavioral science, physics and ergonomics to explain health related behaviors states and events.

- Epidemiology is not just a research activity but a integral component of Public Health providing the foundation for directing practical and appropriate Public Health action based on this science and casual reasoning.

- Epidemiology is concerned with the frequency and pattern of health events in a population.

• Example:

- The classical epidemiological triangle of host-agent-environment describes how individuals become ill.

- Disease occurs when an outside agent (vector) capable of causing disease or injury meets a host that is vulnerable to the agent. This happens in an environment that allows the agent and host to interact. Epidemiology not only measures the relationships between hosts and agents in certain environments but also analyses the health status of the population living in that environment.

- Thus, in this way the epidemiological data would be necessary to make a change in practice.

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