Question

6.

Diseases affecting the liver or the ________ can interfere with the activation of vitamin D and produce symptoms of deficiency.

a. kidneys

b. skin

c. pancreas

d. intestines

e. stomach 7. Which of the following is a naturally occurring food source of vitamin D? a. Red meats b. Egg whites c. Tomato juice d. Carrots e. Salmon 8. Osteocalcin ________. a. requires vitamin K to bind to bone-forming minerals b. binds calcium in the GI tract to enhance absorption c. is a disease characterized by softening of the bones d. binds to vitamin K and is excreted in feces e. is a vitamin K-deficiency disease in children 9. Which of the following would cause a secondary vitamin K deficiency? a. Excess bile production b. A high-fat, high-protein diet c. Insufficient intake of green leafy vegetables d. Antibiotics e. Presence of oxalic acid in food 10. Which of the following accurately describes free radicals? a. They arise from normal metabolic reactions. b. They are more common in infants and children than adults and the elderly. c. They promote cell repair and act as an anti-inflammatory agent. d. They are destroyed by air pollution. e. They are immune to the presence of antioxidant nutrients.

Answer 1

Ans) 6) a. Kidneys

Explaination:

- The liver and kidneys convert vitamin D ( produced in the skin and taken up in the diet), into the active hormone, which is called calcitriol.

7) e. Salmon

Explaination:

Foods that provide vitamin D include:

• Fatty fish, like tuna, mackerel, and salmon.
• Foods fortified with vitamin D, like some dairy products, orange juice, soy milk, and cereals.
• Beef liver.
• Cheese.
• Egg yolks.

8) a. requires vitamin K to bind to bone-forming minerals

Explaination:

- Osteocalcin, also known as bone gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein (BGLAP), is a noncollagenous protein hormone found in bone and dentin. Because it has gla domains, its synthesis is vitamin K dependent.

9) d. Antibiotics

Explaination:

- Taking antibiotics can interferes with vitamin K production and absorption.