Question

Match the responses to the correct vitamin. Use each response only once. The elderly or anyone in the housebound/institutionalized risks becoming deficient in this vitamin: a deficiency in this vitamin as an adult can result in osteomalacia; consuming fortified milk, fish, and getting UVB sunlight can reduce the risk of deficiency. This vitamin is important for blood clotting along with vitamin D. It helps with A Vitamin D bone formation; bacteria in our gut can make this vitamin and we can get it from food. B. Vitamin K This is a powerful antioxidant; it is found in oils and seeds/nuts; individuals who hoc. Vitamin E consume a lot of processed foods and fried foods risk becoming deficient in this D. Vitamin A vitamin. A deficiency in this fat-soluble vitamin can result in keratinization, xerophthalmia and eventually night blindness. A precursor to this vitamin is beta-carotene. QUESTION 22 Match the mineral to its role. Needed for thyroxine to be synthesized. If a deficiency occurs during pregnancy, it can result in cretinism (severe mental retardation in the fetus). Hemoglobin would not be able to carry oxygen without this mineral. Vitamin C A lodine rich foods enhance its abosrption. B. Iron C. Sodium The major extracellular ion and very important for fluid balance. The kidneys help regulate it. Too much of it makes us thirsty. D. Zinc Assists in immune function, wound healing, and taste perception. A deficiency in childhood afferts prwnth and maturation Seafood is an excellent succenf this allers

Answer 1

1. a) Vitamin D - The elderly or anyone in the household/institutionalized risks becoming deficient in this vitamin; a deficiency in this vitamin as an adult can result in osteomalacia; consuming fortified milk, fish and getting UVB sunlight can reduce the risk of deficiency.

Vitamin D is also essential for the absorption of calcium and phosphorous from the gastrointestinal tract. It works with parathyroid hormone to maintain calcium homeostasis

b) Vitamin K - This vitamin is important for blood clotting along with vitamin D, it helps with bone formation; bacteria in our gut can make this vitamin and we can get it from food.

Vitamin K acts as a coenzyme for the synthesis of several clotting factors by the liver. It is stored in liver and spleen.

c) Vitamin E - This is a powerful antioxidant; it is found in oils and seeds/nuts; individuals who consume a lot of processed foods and fried foods risks becoming deficient in this vitamin

Vitamin E (tocopherols) are involved in the formation of DNA , RNA and red blood cells.

d) Vitamin A - A deficiency in this fat-soluble vitamin can result in keratinization, xerophthalmia and eventually night blindness. A precursor to this vitamin is beta-carotene.

Vitamin A maintains the general health of epithelial cells.It is also responsible for the formation of light-sensitive pigments in the photoreceptors of retina.

2. a) Iodine - Needed for thyroxine to be synthesized; if a deficiency occurs during pregnancy, it can result in cretinism (severe mental retardation in the fetus)

Iodine is important for the synthesis of hormones by thyroid gland which regulate the metabolic rate.

b) Iron - Hemoglobin would not be able to carry oxygen without this mineral. Vitamin C rich foods enhance its absorption.

Iron is also a component of cytochromes involved in electron transport chain.

c) Sodium - The major extracellular ion and very important for fluid balance. The kidneys help regulate it. Too much of it makes us thirsty.

Sodium is also a part of bicarbonate buffer system. It functions in muscle action and nerve potential conduction.

d) Zinc - Assists in immune function, wound healing and taste perception. A deficiency in childhood affects growth and maturation. Seafood is an excellent source of this.

Zinc is an important component of certain enzymes and is required for the normal sperm count in males.