Question

1. What is caused by an accumulation of blood in the pericardial space that results in impaired systemic venous return, impaired ventricular filling, and reduced cardiac output?
   • Tension pneumothorax
   • Ductal-dependent congenital heart lesions
   • Massive pulmonary embolism
   • Cardiac tamponade
2. If bradycardia (heart rate less than 60 beats per minute) with a pulse is associated with cardiopulmonary compromise despite effective oxygenation and ventilation, what is the next step in management?
   • Administer atropine.
   • Administer epinephrine.
   • Consider cardiac pacing.
   • Perform CPR.
3. The first energy dose recommended for synchronized cardioversion for unstable SVT or VT with a pulse that causes cardiovascular instability is:
   • 1 to 2 Joules per kg
   • 0.1 to 0.5 Joules per kg
   • 0.5 to 1 Joules per kg
   • 3 to 5 Joules per kg
4. What is the initial drug of choice for SVT treatment?
   • Atropine
   • Amiodarone
   • Procainamide
   • Adenosine
5. Any organized electrical activity observed on an ECG or cardiac monitor in a individual with no palpable pulse is referred to as:
   • Asystole
   • Ventricular fibrillation
   • PEA (pulseless electrical activity)
   • Ventricular tachycardia without pulses
6. Drugs that can be administered down the endotracheal (ET) tube include all of the following EXCEPT:
   • Adenosine
   • Epinephrine
   • Lidocaine
   • Atropine
7. The purpose of defibrillation is to:
   • Reset the electrical systems of the heart allowing a normal rhythm a chance to return
   • Recharge the heart
   • Provide electrically stimulated contraction of the heart
   • Treat symptomatic bradycardia
8. The first management step in cardiac arrest is to:
   • Begin high-quality CPR
   • Stimulate more forceful myocardial contractility
   • Suppress or treat arrhythmias
   • Increase coronary and cerebral perfusion pressures and blood flow
9. When using a manual defibrillator, what is the recommended initial dose?
   • 2 to 4 J/kg
   • 1 to 2 J/kg
   • 6 to 8 J/kg
   • 4 to 6 J/kg
10. When should a child be transferred to tertiary care?
    • Immediately
    • After the first phase of resuscitation management
    • If the child remains comatose post resuscitation
    • As soon as possible

Answer 1

1. The correct option is D) Cardiac tamponade or pericarditis . It leads to an accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac and causes increased pressure on the heart .

2. The correct option is a) administer atropine . If bradycardia (heart rate less than 60 beats per minute) with a pulse is associated with cardiopulmonary compromise despite effective oxygenation and ventilation, the next step is administration of atropine .

3. The correct option is a ) 1-2 joules /kg for adults and 0.5-1 joules /kg for peds .

4. The correct option is d) adenosine . It is the first drug of choice for SVT . It slows supraventricular tachycardia by decreasing electrical conduction through the AV node without causing negative ionotropic effects . Acts directly on sinus pacemaker cells and vagal nerve terminals to decrease chronotropic activity .