Question

What are the different stages of software development life cycle? [2

Answer 1

Ans) The Systems development lifecycle (SDLC) is the process of developing software or information systems from start to finish.

SDLC Phases:
SDLC has seven main phases: Planning, Analysis, Design, Development, Testing, Implementation, and Maintenance.

- Planning:
1. Main actors: project manager, project sponsor (usually a VP or other high-level manager who pushed this project into approval), senior analysts

2. Planning is exactly what it sounds like: the systems development team makes a plan for the systems development project. During this phase, it is vital to conduct several types of feasibility analyses, in order to assess whether developing the system is a good idea. (see other terms)

3. An end result of the planning phase is a formal approval (usually signed off by management) that the project will move forward and high-level requirements matrix: a list of approved features and key characteristics of the new system that are required for success.

- Analysis:
1. Main actors: systems analysts, business analysts

2. One of the key tasks during the analysis phase is determining user requirements (i.e., what do they want the system to be able to do). Users might be customers, clients, our own organization, or other stakeholders. This is called requirements gathering, or requirements elicitation. These requirements are then compiled in a requirements definition document: a more detailed version of the requirements matrix

- Design:
1.Main actors: project manager, system architects, programmers (in a support role; not programming), users (to give input and advice)

2.During this phase, the system is laid out using "mockups" (if graphical) and the basic modules and logic for the software portion of the system are outlined. This means that example screens and windows are developed (sort of like storyboarding in cinema) to illustrate the basic flow and feel of the system. Hardware requirements are also determined during this phase.

- Development (Construction):

1. Main actors: programmers, testers

2.This is where the actual programming takes place. The primary deliverable during this phase is a prototype or "alpha" system that can then be tested for quality assurance.

3. The testing phase, listed next, will actually begin during the development phase and much of these two phases are performed together

- Testing:
1.Main actors: testers, programmers

2. This is exactly what it sounds like: users try out the system, find bugs, see if they can break it, and provide feedback to the development team in order to refine the system. Don't think that this is a boring job! This is not like some of those video game testing jobs that students sometimes fill where you simply execute a set of pre-specified sequences in order. Testers have to be creative; their job is to find ways to break the system. This also includes what we call system penetration testing, or "white hat" hacking, which is designed to see if the system can be easily hacked for sensitive data or external control

3. Although there are many types of testing, you should be generally familiar with the following types: (see other terms).

- Implementation:
1. Implementation is when the system is ready to be delivered to the users/customers to "go live" - handle real transactions. It is during this phase that the development team must train users how to use the new system. There are a handful of different approaches to implementation.

- Maintenance:
1. Maintenance includes continued support for the system even after implementation. If an error is discovered, the development team will fix it. If new features are requested, the development team can negotiate for developing the new features. This phase is consistently the most expensive phase of the SDLC. Eventually, as maintenance costs get high enough, that is a signal that a new system should be built.