1. Draw all the DMAPP alkylation steps in the biosynthesis of hyperforin. 2. Identify the differences...
1. Draw all the DMAPP alkylation steps in the biosynthesis of hyperforin.
2. Identify the differences in the post-PKS modifications between isousnic acid and usnic acid.
Homework Answers
1. Malonyl CoA and isobytyril CoA are added to form Phlorisobutyrophenone which combines with DMAPP
2. Methylphloracetophenone being the precursor of usnic acid, undergoes phenol oxidative coupling followed by cyclization to complete the ether linkage. There is a hypothetical assumption that usnic acid biosynthesis is associated with polyketide synthases enzymes or PKS that catalyse the polyketide synthesis in fungi. PKSs contain multidomain proteins and catalyse multiple carboxylic acid condensation reactions. The modifications that the polyketides undergo include reduction, oxygenation, esterification etc. These modifications are catalysed by enzymes other than PKS.
The isousnic acid is formed from usnic acid as a result of base catalysis. It is isomer of usnic acid.
The usnic acid and isousnic acid behave differently. Isousnic acid gives a deep blue green coloration with Ehrlich's reagent whereas usnic acid gives a blue coloration. They differ in NMR sectra also.
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1. Draw all the DMAPP alkylation steps in the biosynthesis of
hyperforin.
2. Identify the differences...
Draw all steps in one round of fatty acid biosynthesis, starting with a malonyl-ACP and an...
Draw all steps in one round of fatty acid biosynthesis, starting with a malonyl-ACP and an acetyl-ACP. Show all atoms of each compound and where energy is involved. You don’t need to name the compounds, but do provide the ‘last name’ each enzyme. Next to each enzyme name, write the name of the Krebs cycle enzyme that is most directly opposite in function.
Identify the reagents for all three steps. Draw the structures of organic compounds A and B....
Identify the reagents for all three steps. Draw the structures
of organic compounds A and B. Omit byproducts.
Reagents given:
- Mg
- 1. ethylene oxide 2. H3O+
- PCC
- 1. CH3CO3H 2. H2O
- H2, Pt
- 1. O3 2. Zn, H2O
- 1. CH3MgBr 2. H3O+
- 1. O3 2. H2O2
Identify the reagents for all three steps. Draw the structures of organic compounds A and B. Omit byproducts.
Identify the reagents for all three steps. Draw the structures of organic compounds A and B. Omit byproducts. Identif...
Identify
the reagents for all three steps. Draw the structures of organic
compounds A and B. Omit byproducts.
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Identify the reagents for all three steps. Draw the structures of
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Identify the reagents for all three steps. Draw the structures of organic compounds A and B....
Identify the reagents for all three steps. Draw the structures
of organic compounds A and B. Omit byproducts.
here are the reagents Identify the reagents for all three steps. Draw the structures of organic...
here are the reagents
Identify the reagents for all three steps. Draw the structures of organic compounds A and B. Omit byproducts.
6. Transposon mutagenesis was performed to identify genes that are involved in the biosynthesis of theA amino acid alanine. A wildtype culture of E. coli was infected with a defective phage carrying...
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Write out the complete mechanism and draw all steps and arrows. Draw the product. world N...
Write out the complete mechanism and draw all steps and
arrows. Draw the product.
world N MgBr 1) THE 2) acid
Identify the reagents for all three steps. Draw the structures
of organic compounds A and B. Omit byproducts.
Reagents given:
- Mg
- 1. ethylene oxide 2. H3O+
- PCC
- 1. CH3CO3H 2. H2O
- H2, Pt
- 1. O3 2. Zn, H2O
- 1. CH3MgBr 2. H3O+
- 1. O3 2. H2O2
Identify the reagents for all three steps. Draw the structures of organic compounds A and B. Omit byproducts.
Identify
the reagents for all three steps. Draw the structures of organic
compounds A and B. Omit byproducts.
Identify the reagents for all three steps. Draw the structures of organic compounds A and B. Omit byproducts.
Identify the reagents for all three steps. Draw the structures of
organic compounds A and B. Omit byproducts.
Identify the reagents for all three steps. Draw the structures
of organic compounds A and B. Omit byproducts.
here are the reagents
Identify the reagents for all three steps. Draw the structures of organic compounds A and B. Omit byproducts.
6. Transposon mutagenesis was performed to identify genes that are involved in the biosynthesis of theA amino acid alanine. A wildtype culture of E. coli was infected with a defective phage carrying Tn10 A and the culture was plated on LB-tet media to obtain tet-resistant colony forming units. (LB is a rich growth media for E. coli and contains all amino acids required for bacterial growth) Individual CFU were then transferred to a multiwell plate containing liquid LB-tet media and...
Write out the complete mechanism and draw all steps and
arrows. Draw the product.
world N MgBr 1) THE 2) acid
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