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4. During cloning we insert an ampicillin resistance gene a plasmid, (a) Explain its function in the cloning experiment. (b)
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a. The function of gene is selection. The cells which have taken up the gene during the transformation will survive when ampicllin is added to the media for the growth of bacteria. The cells which have not taken up the gene during transformation will not survive. The presence of any antibiotic resistant gene helps as a marker of selection. So, if the ampicillin resistance gene is inserted it will help in selection.

b. When methicillin is added to the plate after cloning all the cells will grow. Colonies will be formed. In the sketch a circular plate will show many colonies When ampicillin is added to the media cells which have been transformed with the amplicillin resistant gene only they will grow, i.e colonies will be formed. In the sketch a circular plate will show some colonies but fewer than the previous.

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