Question

Age Group Physical Cognitive/Emotional Social Theories Middle Adulthood Late Adulthood Death and Dying

On each age group what are physical, cognitive/emotional, social aspects on them? What human developments theories fit into those age groups

Answer 1

Group	Age	Physical	Cognitive / Emotional	Social
Conception / Prenatal / Birth	0-9 months	Germinal : Cells divide rapidly to form ectoderm - skin and nervous system, endoderm - digestive and respiratory systems, mesoderm - muscle and skeletal systems. Embryonic: All the facial parts, brain, heart begin to develop Fetal: Brain and spinal cord continue to develop
Infant / Toddler /	Birth to 2 years	Increase in weight, physical developmental milestones are mostly achieved	Motor skills like grasping object, crawling, walking, speech are developed Most of the developmental milestones are achieved. Attachment with the caregiver/ mother	Identify family members or known people Expression of feeling like anger, happiness or sadness
Early Childhood	3 to 8	Growth is slow (generally from 4 to 7 years) compared to toddlerhood, Brain is developed by almost 6 years	Full development of gross motor (large bodily movements using hands legs or body) Fine motor skills (smaller movements using fingers, toes) Able to distinguish emotions Rapid mood swings	Being possessive Temper tantrum
Middle Childhood	9 to 11	Faster physical growth	Psuedo-maturity Creative mind Attitudes and values develop	Social adjustment with family and friends
Adolescence	12 to 18	Height Weight Puberty due to release of hormones and changes sex characteristics like development of breasts in girls and facial hair in boys	Good Memory Vulnerability to mental illness Self-esteem Developing resilience	Establish a self-identity by the purpose of the work. Developing relationships Develop a body-image Playing role in family decisions Importance of peer group
Early Adulthood	20-40	Muscular strength Physical abilities are at peak.	Increase in processing speed	Family and Children
Middle Adulthood	40-65	Menopause Decrease in vision and hearing Easily prone to heat disease	Decrease in cognitive functions Fluid intelligence (information processing skills) tend to decline	Involving in service and religious activities Contribute to the development of future generations
Late Adulthood	65- 80	Poor muscular strength, sight and hearing loss	Prone to neuropsychological disorders like dementia	Isolation Retirement Dealing with loss of loved ones
Death & Dying		Difficulty in performing activities of daily living	Loss of memory, concentration, speech disorders, poor processing	Unable to involve in any social activities

Piaget's theory of cognitive development, Erikson's psychosocial development and Freud’s theory of psychosexual stages are some of the development theories that describe stages of human development.