Question

(a) Match the following descriptions to the terms (i)

Answer 1

(a) (i) Drug tolerance is described by B. Increasing doses are needed to produce the same effect as the initial doses.

   (ii) Drug dependence is described by A. Physical withdrawal symptoms occur if the drug is not taken.

(b) Addiction is another term for (ii), drug dependence.

Answer 2

Drug tolerance - it refers to the phenomenon in which the subject's dependence on the drug and its concentration is subsequently reduced. As a result he/she requires a higher concentration of the drug, for the same to be effective.

Drug dependence or substance dependence is an adaptive state. It develops due to the repeated administration of the drug. On the cessation of the drug there is a visible physical withdrawal.

Drug addiction is an entirely different concept. It is defined as compulsive, an out-of-control use of the drug, despite its negative consequences.

INITIAL EXPOSURE TO DRUG unconditionedunconditioned stimulus (us) response (UR) Neutral stimuli compensatory environmental stimuli drug effects associated with drug> on brain reactions to drug administration SUBSEQUENT REACTIONS conditioned stimulus (CS) environmental stimuli associated with drug conditioned response (CR) compensatory reactions to drug administration