Question

Help on prelab

NOTE! There are FOUR (4) pages in this pre-lab! PRE-LAB WORKSHEET FOR ENZYME LAB To be completed prior to the online prelab esercise 1 ) Suppose that the diagram below represents what occurs during a chemical reaction e) Which letter points tq the prodact? print e ore , d 3) (c) Which letter points to the enzyme? (d) Which letter points to the enzyme's active site? (e) Which letter points to the enzyme's substrate? Note: Some letters may be used more than once (f) In blank #1 above, write the name of the enzyme that we'll be studying in this lab. (2) In blank #2 above, write the name of the substrate we'll be studying in this lab. (h) In blank #3 above, write the name of the product that we'll be measuring in this lab. () Consider the molecule you named in part h. Does this molecule form a particular color? If so, then name the color One of the things required for our experiment will be LactAid tablets. This is because LactAid tablets contain... circle your answer 2) The enzyme or The product or The substrate 3) (a) Enzymes are a kind of. carbohydrate er lipid ar protein (b) Proteins are... Just a linear (straight) string of amino acids QR A folded string of amino acids (e) What would you expect to happen if a protein was placed in an extremely hot environment. Why would this happen? 4) (a) Colder environments would (increase ar decrease) the chances that a substrate ill bind an active site (b) Explain your answer to part a 15

Answer 1

Solution:

1) a) Letter D points to the product in the given reaction. It is present to the right side of the arrow and formed after the reaction between the substrate and the enzyme.

b) Letter A points to the reactant in the given reaction. It binds to the enzyme's active site which helps in the formation of the desired product.

c) Letter B points to the enzyme. In the given figure, it can be clearly seen that there is an active site. This site helps in the recognition of the enzyme.

d) Letter C represents enzyme's active site. It looks like a small cavity into which the reactant fits in and the structure is modified.

e) In an enzymatic reaction, the reactant itself can be a substrate. The substrate is that reactant which undergoes modification from the enzyme by binding to active site. Letter A points to substrate as there can be many reactants in a reaction but only one substrate at a time with particular enzyme.

f) The name of the enzyme is lactase. Along with the water molecules, it binds to lactose and forms glucose and galactose.

g) The name of the substrate is ONPG i.e. o-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside. It is just similar to the structure of lactose.

h) The product to be measured in this lab is ONP. After ionisation, ONP converts into o-nitrophenolate.

i) o-nitrophenolate is a yellowish compound. It becomes deep yellow when the product is accumulated in large quantity.

2) LactAid are tablets which contain the enzyme lactase. This enzyme is not formed naturally in the body of infants and older aged people or lactose intolerant patients. These tablets are helpful in overcoming such situations.

3) The enzyme is a kind of protein and it is formed by the joining of peptides. These are linear chains of amino acids and joined by peptide bond in between. In an extremely hot environment, the protein gets denatured. The denaturation occurs due to the breaking of peptide bonds. Proteins remain stable at moderate temperatures. They perform their best function at optimum temperature.

4) In the lower temperature, the enzymes stop working. The cold environment decreases the chances of binding of substrate to the active site of the enzyme. The enzymes cannot work under too hot or too cold environments. They need optimum temperature to work the best.