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A geneticist has studied the sequence of a gene in each of three species, A, B,...

A geneticist has studied the sequence of a gene in each of three species, A, B, and C. Species A and species B are sister species; species C is more distantly related. The geneticist has calculated the ratio of nonsynonymous (NS) to synonymous (S) nucleotide substitutions in the coding region of the gene in two ways—first, by comparing the gene sequences of species A and C, and second, by comparing the gene sequences of species B and C. The NS:S ratio for the comparison of species B and C is five times greater than it is for the comparison of species A and C. What might this difference in the NS:S ratios suggest?

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